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/*

 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar

 * Copyright (c) 2006 Josef Cejka

 * All rights reserved.

 *

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

 * are met:

 *

 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products

 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

 *

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR

 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.

 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,

 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT

 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF

 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 */

/** @addtogroup generic

 * @{

 */

/**

 * @file

 * @brief   Printing functions.

 */

#include <printf/printf_core.h>

#include <putchar.h>

#include <print.h>

#include <arch/arg.h>

#include <macros.h>

#include <func.h>

#include <arch.h>

/** show prefixes 0x or 0 */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_PREFIX        0x00000001

/** signed / unsigned number */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_SIGNED        0x00000002

/** print leading zeroes */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_ZEROPADDED    0x00000004

/** align to left */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED   0x00000010

/** always show + sign */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_SHOWPLUS      0x00000020

/** print space instead of plus */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_SPACESIGN     0x00000040

/** show big characters */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS      0x00000080

/** number has - sign */

#define __PRINTF_FLAG_NEGATIVE      0x00000100

/**

 * Buffer big enough for 64-bit number printed in base 2, sign, prefix and 0

 * to terminate string... (last one is only for better testing end of buffer by

 * zero-filling subroutine)

 */

#define PRINT_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE    (64 + 5)    

/** Enumeration of possible arguments types.

 */

typedef enum {

    PrintfQualifierByte = 0,

    PrintfQualifierShort,

    PrintfQualifierInt,

    PrintfQualifierLong,

    PrintfQualifierLongLong,

    PrintfQualifierPointer

} qualifier_t;

static char digits_small[] = "0123456789abcdef";

static char digits_big[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";

/** Print one or more characters without adding newline.

 *

 * @param buf       Buffer with size at least count bytes. NULL pointer is

 *          not allowed!

 * @param count     Number of characters to print.

 * @param ps        Output method and its data.

 * @return      Number of characters printed.

 */

static int printf_putnchars(const char * buf, size_t count,

    struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    return ps->write((void *) buf, count, ps->data);

}

/** Print a string without adding a newline.

 *

 * @param str       String to print.

 * @param ps        Write function specification and support data.

 * @return      Number of characters printed.

 */

static int printf_putstr(const char * str, struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    size_t count;

    if (str == NULL) {

        char *nullstr = "(NULL)";

        return printf_putnchars(nullstr, strlen(nullstr), ps);

    }

    count = strlen(str);

    return ps->write((void *) str, count, ps->data);

}

/** Print one character.

 *

 * @param c     Character to be printed.

 * @param ps        Output method.

 *

 * @return      Number of characters printed.

 */

static int printf_putchar(int c, struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    unsigned char ch = c;

    return ps->write((void *) &ch, 1, ps->data);

}

/** Print one formatted character.

 *

 * @param c     Character to print.

 * @param width     Width modifier.

 * @param flags     Flags that change the way the character is printed.

 *

 * @return      Number of characters printed, negative value on failure.

 */

static int print_char(char c, int width, uint64_t flags, struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    int counter = 0;

    if (!(flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED)) {

        while (--width > 0) {

            /*

             * One space is consumed by the character itself, hence

             * the predecrement.

             */

            if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) > 0)   

                ++counter;

        }

    }

    if (printf_putchar(c, ps) > 0)

        counter++;

    while (--width > 0) {

            /*

             * One space is consumed by the character itself, hence

             * the predecrement.

             */

        if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) > 0)

            ++counter;

    }

    return ++counter;

}

/** Print string.

 *

 * @param s     String to be printed.

 * @param width     Width modifier.

 * @param precision Precision modifier.

 * @param flags     Flags that modify the way the string is printed.

 *

 * @return      Number of characters printed, negative value on failure.

 */

static int print_string(char *s, int width, unsigned int precision,

    uint64_t flags, struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    int counter = 0;

    size_t size;

    int retval;

    if (s == NULL) {

        return printf_putstr("(NULL)", ps);

    }

    size = strlen(s);

    /* print leading spaces */

    if (precision == 0)

        precision = size;

    width -= precision;

    if (!(flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED)) {

        while (width-- > 0) {  

            if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) == 1)  

                counter++;

        }

    }

    if ((retval = printf_putnchars(s, min(size, precision), ps)) < 0) {

        return -counter;

    }

    counter += retval; 

    while (width-- > 0) {

        if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) == 1)  

            ++counter;

    }

    return counter;

}

/** Print a number in a given base.

 *

 * Print significant digits of a number in given base.

 *

 * @param num       Number to print.

 * @param widt      Width modifier.h

 * @param precision Precision modifier.

 * @param base      Base to print the number in (must be between 2 and 16).

 * @param flags     Flags that modify the way the number is printed.   

 *

 * @return      Number of characters printed.

 *

 */

static int print_number(uint64_t num, int width, int precision, int base,

    uint64_t flags, struct printf_spec *ps)

{

    char *digits = digits_small;

    char d[PRINT_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE];

    char *ptr = &d[PRINT_NUMBER_BUFFER_SIZE - 1];

    int size = 0;       /* size of number with all prefixes and signs */

    int number_size;    /* size of plain number */

    char sgn;

    int retval;

    int counter = 0;

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS)

        digits = digits_big;   

    *ptr-- = 0; /* Put zero at end of string */

    if (num == 0) {

        *ptr-- = '0';

        size++;

    } else {

        do {

            *ptr-- = digits[num % base];

            size++;

        } while (num /= base);

    }

    number_size = size;

    /*

     * Collect the sum of all prefixes/signs/... to calculate padding and

     * leading zeroes.

     */

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_PREFIX) {

        switch(base) {

        case 2: /* Binary formating is not standard, but usefull */

            size += 2;

            break;

        case 8:

            size++;

            break;

        case 16:

            size += 2;

            break;

        }

    }

    sgn = 0;

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_SIGNED) {

        if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_NEGATIVE) {

            sgn = '-';

            size++;

        } else if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_SHOWPLUS) {

            sgn = '+';

            size++;

        } else if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_SPACESIGN) {

            sgn = ' ';

            size++;

        }

    }

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED) {

        flags &= ~__PRINTF_FLAG_ZEROPADDED;

    }

    /*

     * If the number is leftaligned or precision is specified then

     * zeropadding is ignored.

     */

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_ZEROPADDED) {

        if ((precision == 0) && (width > size)) {

            precision = width - size + number_size;

        }

    }

    /* print leading spaces */

    if (number_size > precision) {

        /* print the whole number not only a part */

        precision = number_size;

    }

    width -= precision + size - number_size;

    if (!(flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED)) {

        while (width-- > 0) {  

            if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) == 1)  

                counter++;

        }

    }

    /* print sign */

    if (sgn) {

        if (printf_putchar(sgn, ps) == 1)

            counter++;

    }

    /* print prefix */

    if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_PREFIX) {

        switch(base) {

        case 2: /* Binary formating is not standard, but usefull */

            if (printf_putchar('0', ps) == 1)

                counter++;

            if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS) {

                if (printf_putchar('B', ps) == 1)

                    counter++;

            } else {

                if (printf_putchar('b', ps) == 1)

                    counter++;

            }

            break;

        case 8:

            if (printf_putchar('o', ps) == 1)

                counter++;

            break;

        case 16:

            if (printf_putchar('0', ps) == 1)

                counter++;

            if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS) {

                if (printf_putchar('X', ps) == 1)

                    counter++;

            } else {

                if (printf_putchar('x', ps) == 1)

                    counter++;

            }

            break;

        }

    }

    /* print leading zeroes */

    precision -= number_size;

    while (precision-- > 0) {  

        if (printf_putchar('0', ps) == 1)

            counter++;

    }

    /* print number itself */

    if ((retval = printf_putstr(++ptr, ps)) > 0) {

        counter += retval;

    }

    /* print ending spaces */

    while (width-- > 0) {  

        if (printf_putchar(' ', ps) == 1)  

            counter++;

    }

    return counter;

}

/** Print formatted string.

 *

 * Print string formatted according to the fmt parameter and variadic arguments.

 * Each formatting directive must have the following form:

 *

 *  \% [ FLAGS ] [ WIDTH ] [ .PRECISION ] [ TYPE ] CONVERSION

 *

 * FLAGS:@n

 *  - "#"   Force to print prefix.For \%o conversion, the prefix is 0, for

 *      \%x and \%X prefixes are 0x and 0X and for conversion \%b the

 *      prefix is 0b.

 *

 *  - "-"   Align to left.

 *

 *  - "+"   Print positive sign just as negative.

 *

 *  - " "   If the printed number is positive and "+" flag is not set,

 *      print space in place of sign.

 *

 *  - "0"   Print 0 as padding instead of spaces. Zeroes are placed between

 *      sign and the rest of the number. This flag is ignored if "-"

 *      flag is specified.

 *

 * WIDTH:@n

 *  - Specify the minimal width of a printed argument. If it is bigger,

 *  width is ignored. If width is specified with a "*" character instead of

 *  number, width is taken from parameter list. And integer parameter is

 *  expected before parameter for processed conversion specification. If

 *  this value is negative its absolute value is taken and the "-" flag is

 *  set.

 *

 * PRECISION:@n

 *  - Value precision. For numbers it specifies minimum valid numbers.

 *  Smaller numbers are printed with leading zeroes. Bigger numbers are not

 *  affected. Strings with more than precision characters are cut off. Just

 *  as with width, an "*" can be used used instead of a number. An integer

 *  value is then expected in parameters. When both width and precision are

 *  specified using "*", the first parameter is used for width and the

 *  second one for precision.

 *

 * TYPE:@n

 *  - "hh"  Signed or unsigned char.@n

 *  - "h"   Signed or unsigned short.@n

 *  - ""    Signed or unsigned int (default value).@n

 *  - "l"   Signed or unsigned long int.@n

 *  - "ll"  Signed or unsigned long long int.@n

 *

 *

 * CONVERSION:@n

 *  - % Print percentile character itself.

 *

 *  - c Print single character.

 *

 *  - s Print zero terminated string. If a NULL value is passed as

 *      value, "(NULL)" is printed instead.

 *

 *  - P, p  Print value of a pointer. Void * value is expected and it is

 *      printed in hexadecimal notation with prefix (as with \%#X / \%#x

 *      for 32-bit or \%#X / \%#x for 64-bit long pointers).

 *

 *  - b Print value as unsigned binary number. Prefix is not printed by

 *      default. (Nonstandard extension.)

 *

 *  - o Print value as unsigned octal number. Prefix is not printed by

 *      default.

 *

 *  - d, i  Print signed decimal number. There is no difference between d

 *      and i conversion.

 *

 *  - u Print unsigned decimal number.

 *

 *  - X, x  Print hexadecimal number with upper- or lower-case. Prefix is

 *      not printed by default.

 *

 * All other characters from fmt except the formatting directives are printed in

 * verbatim.

 *

 * @param fmt       Formatting NULL terminated string.

 * @return      Number of characters printed, negative value on failure.

 */

int printf_core(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *ps, va_list ap)

{

    int i = 0; /* index of the currently processed char from fmt */

    int j = 0; /* index to the first not printed nonformating character */

    int end;

    int counter; /* counter of printed characters */

    int retval; /* used to store return values from called functions */

    char c;

    qualifier_t qualifier; /* type of argument */

    int base; /* base in which a numeric parameter will be printed */

    uint64_t number; /* argument value */

    size_t  size; /* byte size of integer parameter */

    int width, precision;

    uint64_t flags;

    counter = 0;

    while ((c = fmt[i])) {

        /* control character */

        if (c == '%') {

            /* print common characters if any processed */ 

            if (i > j) {

                if ((retval = printf_putnchars(&fmt[j],

                    (size_t)(i - j), ps)) < 0) { /* error */

                    counter = -counter;

                    goto out;

                }

                counter += retval;

            }

            j = i;

            /* parse modifiers */

            flags = 0;

            end = 0;

            do {

                ++i;

                switch (c = fmt[i]) {

                case '#':

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_PREFIX;

                    break;

                case '-':

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED;

                    break;

                case '+':

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_SHOWPLUS;

                    break;

                case ' ':

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_SPACESIGN;

                    break;

                case '0':

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_ZEROPADDED;

                    break;

                default:

                    end = 1;

                }; 

            } while (end == 0);

            /* width & '*' operator */

            width = 0;

            if (isdigit(fmt[i])) {

                while (isdigit(fmt[i])) {

                    width *= 10;

                    width += fmt[i++] - '0';

                }

            } else if (fmt[i] == '*') {

                /* get width value from argument list */

                i++;

                width = (int) va_arg(ap, int);

                if (width < 0) {

                    /* negative width sets '-' flag */

                    width *= -1;

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTALIGNED;

                }

            }

            /* precision and '*' operator */   

            precision = 0;

            if (fmt[i] == '.') {

                ++i;

                if (isdigit(fmt[i])) {

                    while (isdigit(fmt[i])) {

                        precision *= 10;

                        precision += fmt[i++] - '0';

                    }

                } else if (fmt[i] == '*') {

                    /*

                     * Get precision value from the argument

                     * list.

                     */

                    i++;

                    precision = (int) va_arg(ap, int);

                    if (precision < 0) {

                        /* ignore negative precision */

                        precision = 0;

                    }

                }

            }

            switch (fmt[i++]) {

            /** @todo unimplemented qualifiers:

             * t ptrdiff_t - ISO C 99

             */

            case 'h':   /* char or short */

                qualifier = PrintfQualifierShort;

                if (fmt[i] == 'h') {

                    i++;

                    qualifier = PrintfQualifierByte;

                }

                break;

            case 'l':   /* long or long long*/

                qualifier = PrintfQualifierLong;

                if (fmt[i] == 'l') {

                    i++;

                    qualifier = PrintfQualifierLongLong;

                }

                break;

            default:

                /* default type */

                qualifier = PrintfQualifierInt;

                --i;

            }  

            base = 10;

            switch (c = fmt[i]) {

            /*

            * String and character conversions.

            */

            case 's':

                if ((retval = print_string(va_arg(ap, char *),

                    width, precision, flags, ps)) < 0) {

                    counter = -counter;

                    goto out;

                };

                counter += retval;

                j = i + 1;

                goto next_char;

            case 'c':

                c = va_arg(ap, unsigned int);

                retval = print_char(c, width, flags, ps);

                if (retval < 0) {

                    counter = -counter;

                    goto out;

                };

                counter += retval;

                j = i + 1;

                goto next_char;

            /*

             * Integer values

             */

            case 'P': /* pointer */

                flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS;

            case 'p':

                flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_PREFIX;

                base = 16;

                qualifier = PrintfQualifierPointer;

                break; 

            case 'b':

                base = 2;

                break;

            case 'o':

                base = 8;

                break;

            case 'd':

            case 'i':

                flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_SIGNED;  

            case 'u':

                break;

            case 'X':

                flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_BIGCHARS;

            case 'x':

                base = 16;

                break;

            /* percentile itself */

            case '%':

                j = i;

                goto next_char;

            /*

             * Bad formatting.

             */

            default:

                /*

                 * Unknown format. Now, j is the index of '%'

                 * so we will print whole bad format sequence.

                 */

                goto next_char;    

            }

        /* Print integers */

            /* print number */

            switch (qualifier) {

            case PrintfQualifierByte:

                size = sizeof(unsigned char);

                number = (uint64_t) va_arg(ap, unsigned int);

                break;

            case PrintfQualifierShort:

                size = sizeof(unsigned short);

                number = (uint64_t) va_arg(ap, unsigned int);

                break;

            case PrintfQualifierInt:

                size = sizeof(unsigned int);

                number = (uint64_t) va_arg(ap, unsigned int);

                break;

            case PrintfQualifierLong:

                size = sizeof(unsigned long);

                number = (uint64_t) va_arg(ap, unsigned long);

                break;

            case PrintfQualifierLongLong:

                size = sizeof(unsigned long long);

                number = (uint64_t) va_arg(ap, unsigned long long);

                break;

            case PrintfQualifierPointer:

                size = sizeof(void *);

                number = (uint64_t) (unsigned long) va_arg(ap, void *);

                break;

            default: /* Unknown qualifier */

                counter = -counter;

                goto out;

            }

            if (flags & __PRINTF_FLAG_SIGNED) {

                if (number & (0x1 << (size * 8 - 1))) {

                    flags |= __PRINTF_FLAG_NEGATIVE;

                    if (size == sizeof(uint64_t)) {

                        number = -((int64_t) number);

                    } else {

                        number = ~number;

                        number &=

                            ~(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFll <<

                            (size * 8));

                        number++;

                    }

                }

            }

            if ((retval = print_number(number, width, precision,

                base, flags, ps)) < 0) {

                counter = -counter;

                goto out;

            }

            counter += retval;

            j = i + 1;

        }  

next_char:

        ++i;

    }

    if (i > j) {

        if ((retval = printf_putnchars(&fmt[j], (unative_t) (i - j),

            ps)) < 0) { /* error */

            counter = -counter;

            goto out;

        }

        counter += retval;

    }

out:

    return counter;

}

/** @}

 */