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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /**
  30.  * @file    main.c
  31.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  32.  *
  33.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  34.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  35.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  36.  *
  37.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  38.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  39.  *
  40.  * @see scheduler()
  41.  * @see main_bsp()
  42.  * @see main_ap()
  43.  */
  44.  
  45. #include <arch/asm.h>
  46. #include <context.h>
  47. #include <print.h>
  48. #include <panic.h>
  49. #include <debug.h>
  50. #include <config.h>
  51. #include <time/clock.h>
  52. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  53. #include <proc/thread.h>
  54. #include <proc/task.h>
  55. #include <main/kinit.h>
  56. #include <main/version.h>
  57. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  58. #include <cpu.h>
  59. #include <align.h>
  60. #include <interrupt.h>
  61. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  62. #include <mm/frame.h>
  63. #include <mm/page.h>
  64. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  65. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  66. #include <mm/as.h>
  67. #include <mm/slab.h>
  68. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  69. #include <synch/futex.h>
  70. #include <arch/arch.h>
  71. #include <arch.h>
  72. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  73. #include <typedefs.h>
  74. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  75. #include <macros.h>
  76. #include <adt/btree.h>
  77. #include <console/klog.h>
  78.  
  79. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  80. #include <arch/smp/apic.h>
  81. #include <arch/smp/mps.h>
  82. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  83. #include <smp/smp.h>
  84.  
  85. /** Global configuration structure. */
  86. config_t config = {
  87.     .mm_initialized = false
  88. };
  89.  
  90. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  91. init_t init = {
  92.     0
  93. };
  94.  
  95. context_t ctx;
  96.  
  97. /**
  98.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  99.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  100.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  101.  */
  102. __address hardcoded_load_address = 0;
  103. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;
  104. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;
  105.  
  106. void main_bsp(void);
  107. void main_ap(void);
  108.  
  109. /*
  110.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  111.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  112.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  113.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  114.  */
  115. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  116. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  117. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  118. #endif
  119.  
  120. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)
  121.  
  122. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  123.  *
  124.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  125.  * This function passes control directly to
  126.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  127.  *
  128.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  129.  *
  130.  */
  131. void main_bsp(void)
  132. {
  133.     __address stackaddr;
  134.  
  135.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  136.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  137.    
  138.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  139.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  140.    
  141.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  142.     stackaddr = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  143.    
  144.     /* Avoid placing kernel on top of init */
  145.     count_t i;
  146.     bool overlap = false;
  147.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  148.         if (PA_overlaps(stackaddr, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size)) {
  149.             stackaddr = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE);
  150.             init.tasks[i].size = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE) + CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  151.             overlap = true;
  152.         }
  153.    
  154.     if (!overlap)
  155.         config.kernel_size += CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  156.    
  157.     context_save(&ctx);
  158.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), stackaddr, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  159.     context_restore(&ctx);
  160.     /* not reached */
  161. }
  162.  
  163.  
  164. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  165.  *
  166.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  167.  *
  168.  */
  169. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  170. {
  171.     task_t *k;
  172.     thread_t *t;
  173.     count_t i;
  174.    
  175.     the_initialize(THE);
  176.  
  177.     /*
  178.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  179.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  180.      * commands.
  181.      */
  182.     kconsole_init();
  183.    
  184.     /*
  185.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  186.      * starts adding its own handlers
  187.      */
  188.     exc_init();
  189.  
  190.     /*
  191.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  192.      */
  193.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  194.     frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */
  195.     slab_cache_init();
  196.     btree_init();
  197.     as_init();
  198.     page_init();
  199.     tlb_init();
  200.     config.mm_initialized = true;
  201.     arch_post_mm_init();
  202.  
  203.     version_print();
  204.     printf("%.*p: hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(__address) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  205.  
  206.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  207.     smp_init();
  208.    
  209.     slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */
  210.  
  211.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  212.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  213.     cpu_init();
  214.    
  215.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  216.     clock_counter_init();
  217.     timeout_init();
  218.     scheduler_init();
  219.     task_init();
  220.     thread_init();
  221.     futex_init();
  222.     klog_init();
  223.    
  224.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  225.         printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(__address) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
  226.    
  227.     ipc_init();
  228.  
  229.     /*
  230.      * Create kernel task.
  231.      */
  232.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");
  233.     if (!k)
  234.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  235.    
  236.     /*
  237.      * Create the first thread.
  238.      */
  239.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");
  240.     if (!t)
  241.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  242.     thread_ready(t);
  243.    
  244.     /*
  245.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  246.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  247.      */
  248.     scheduler();
  249.     /* not reached */
  250. }
  251.  
  252.  
  253. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  254. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  255.  *
  256.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  257.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BP boot.
  258.  * This function passes control directly to
  259.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  260.  *
  261.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  262.  *
  263.  */
  264. void main_ap(void)
  265. {
  266.     /*
  267.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  268.      * pm_init() will not attempt to build GDT and IDT tables again.
  269.      * Neither frame_init() will do the complete thing. Neither cpu_init()
  270.      * will do.
  271.      */
  272.     config.cpu_active++;
  273.  
  274.     /*
  275.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  276.      */
  277.     the_initialize(THE);
  278.    
  279.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  280.     frame_init();
  281.     page_init();
  282.     tlb_init();
  283.     arch_post_mm_init();
  284.    
  285.     cpu_init();
  286.    
  287.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  288.  
  289.     l_apic_init();
  290.     l_apic_debug();
  291.  
  292.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  293.  
  294.     /*
  295.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  296.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  297.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  298.      */
  299.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (__address) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  300.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  301.     /* not reached */
  302. }
  303.  
  304.  
  305. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  306.  *
  307.  * Second part of main_ap().
  308.  *
  309.  */
  310. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  311. {
  312.     /*
  313.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  314.      */
  315.     timeout_init();
  316.  
  317.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  318.     scheduler();
  319.     /* not reached */
  320. }
  321. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  322.