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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup main
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  36.  *
  37.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  38.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  39.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  40.  *
  41.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  42.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  43.  *
  44.  * @see scheduler()
  45.  * @see main_bsp()
  46.  * @see main_ap()
  47.  */
  48.  
  49. #include <arch/asm.h>
  50. #include <context.h>
  51. #include <print.h>
  52. #include <panic.h>
  53. #include <debug.h>
  54. #include <config.h>
  55. #include <time/clock.h>
  56. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  57. #include <proc/thread.h>
  58. #include <proc/task.h>
  59. #include <main/kinit.h>
  60. #include <main/version.h>
  61. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  62. #include <cpu.h>
  63. #include <align.h>
  64. #include <interrupt.h>
  65. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  66. #include <mm/frame.h>
  67. #include <mm/page.h>
  68. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  69. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  70. #include <mm/as.h>
  71. #include <mm/slab.h>
  72. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  73. #include <synch/futex.h>
  74. #include <arch/arch.h>
  75. #include <arch.h>
  76. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  77. #include <typedefs.h>
  78. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  79. #include <macros.h>
  80. #include <adt/btree.h>
  81. #include <console/klog.h>
  82.  
  83. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  84. #include <arch/smp/apic.h>
  85. #include <arch/smp/mps.h>
  86. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  87. #include <smp/smp.h>
  88.  
  89. /** Global configuration structure. */
  90. config_t config;
  91.  
  92. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  93. init_t init = {
  94.     0
  95. };
  96.  
  97. context_t ctx;
  98.  
  99. /*
  100.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  101.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  102.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  103.  */
  104. uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;   /**< Virtual address of where the kernel is loaded. */
  105. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel code in bytes. */
  106. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel data in bytes. */
  107.  
  108. void main_bsp(void);
  109. void main_ap(void);
  110.  
  111. /*
  112.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  113.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  114.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  115.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  116.  */
  117. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  118. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  119. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  120. #endif
  121.  
  122. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)
  123.  
  124. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  125.  *
  126.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  127.  * This function passes control directly to
  128.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  129.  *
  130.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  131.  *
  132.  */
  133. void main_bsp(void)
  134. {
  135.     uintptr_t stackaddr;
  136.  
  137.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  138.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  139.    
  140.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  141.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  142.    
  143.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  144.     stackaddr = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  145.    
  146.     /* Avoid placing kernel on top of init */
  147.     count_t i;
  148.     bool overlap = false;
  149.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  150.         if (PA_overlaps(stackaddr, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size)) {
  151.             stackaddr = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE);
  152.             init.tasks[i].size = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE) + CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  153.             overlap = true;
  154.         }
  155.    
  156.     if (!overlap)
  157.         config.kernel_size += CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  158.    
  159.     context_save(&ctx);
  160.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), stackaddr, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  161.     context_restore(&ctx);
  162.     /* not reached */
  163. }
  164.  
  165.  
  166. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  167.  *
  168.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  169.  *
  170.  */
  171. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  172. {
  173.     task_t *k;
  174.     thread_t *t;
  175.     count_t i;
  176.    
  177.     the_initialize(THE);
  178.  
  179.     /*
  180.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  181.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  182.      * commands.
  183.      */
  184.     kconsole_init();
  185.    
  186.     /*
  187.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  188.      * starts adding its own handlers
  189.      */
  190.     exc_init();
  191.  
  192.     /*
  193.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  194.      */
  195.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  196.     frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */
  197.     slab_cache_init();
  198.     btree_init();
  199.     as_init();
  200.     page_init();
  201.     tlb_init();
  202.     arch_post_mm_init();
  203.  
  204.     version_print();
  205.     printf("%.*p: hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  206.  
  207.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  208.     smp_init();
  209.    
  210.     slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */
  211.  
  212.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  213.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  214.     cpu_init();
  215.    
  216.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  217.     clock_counter_init();
  218.     timeout_init();
  219.     scheduler_init();
  220.     task_init();
  221.     thread_init();
  222.     futex_init();
  223.     klog_init();
  224.    
  225.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  226.         printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
  227.    
  228.     ipc_init();
  229.  
  230.     /*
  231.      * Create kernel task.
  232.      */
  233.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");
  234.     if (!k)
  235.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  236.    
  237.     /*
  238.      * Create the first thread.
  239.      */
  240.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");
  241.     if (!t)
  242.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  243.     thread_ready(t);
  244.    
  245.     /*
  246.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  247.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  248.      */
  249.     scheduler();
  250.     /* not reached */
  251. }
  252.  
  253.  
  254. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  255. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  256.  *
  257.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  258.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BP boot.
  259.  * This function passes control directly to
  260.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  261.  *
  262.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  263.  *
  264.  */
  265. void main_ap(void)
  266. {
  267.     /*
  268.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  269.      * pm_init() will not attempt to build GDT and IDT tables again.
  270.      * Neither frame_init() will do the complete thing. Neither cpu_init()
  271.      * will do.
  272.      */
  273.     config.cpu_active++;
  274.  
  275.     /*
  276.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  277.      */
  278.     the_initialize(THE);
  279.    
  280.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  281.     frame_init();
  282.     page_init();
  283.     tlb_init();
  284.     arch_post_mm_init();
  285.    
  286.     cpu_init();
  287.    
  288.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  289.  
  290.     l_apic_init();
  291.     l_apic_debug();
  292.  
  293.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  294.  
  295.     /*
  296.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  297.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  298.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  299.      */
  300.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  301.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  302.     /* not reached */
  303. }
  304.  
  305.  
  306. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  307.  *
  308.  * Second part of main_ap().
  309.  *
  310.  */
  311. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  312. {
  313.     /*
  314.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  315.      */
  316.     timeout_init();
  317.  
  318.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  319.     scheduler();
  320.     /* not reached */
  321. }
  322. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  323.  
  324. /** @}
  325.  */
  326.