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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup main
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  36.  *
  37.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  38.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  39.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  40.  *
  41.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  42.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  43.  *
  44.  * @see scheduler()
  45.  * @see main_bsp()
  46.  * @see main_ap()
  47.  */
  48.  
  49. #include <arch/asm.h>
  50. #include <context.h>
  51. #include <print.h>
  52. #include <panic.h>
  53. #include <debug.h>
  54. #include <config.h>
  55. #include <time/clock.h>
  56. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  57. #include <proc/thread.h>
  58. #include <proc/task.h>
  59. #include <main/kinit.h>
  60. #include <main/version.h>
  61. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  62. #include <cpu.h>
  63. #include <align.h>
  64. #include <interrupt.h>
  65. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  66. #include <mm/frame.h>
  67. #include <mm/page.h>
  68. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  69. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  70. #include <mm/as.h>
  71. #include <mm/slab.h>
  72. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  73. #include <synch/futex.h>
  74. #include <arch/arch.h>
  75. #include <arch.h>
  76. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  77. #include <typedefs.h>
  78. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  79. #include <macros.h>
  80. #include <adt/btree.h>
  81. #include <console/klog.h>
  82. #include <smp/smp.h>
  83.  
  84. /** Global configuration structure. */
  85. config_t config;
  86.  
  87. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  88. init_t init = {
  89.     0
  90. };
  91.  
  92. /** Boot allocations. */
  93. ballocs_t ballocs = {
  94.     .base = NULL,
  95.     .size = 0
  96. };
  97.  
  98. context_t ctx;
  99.  
  100. /*
  101.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  102.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  103.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  104.  */
  105. uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;   /**< Virtual address of where the kernel is loaded. */
  106. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel code in bytes. */
  107. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel data in bytes. */
  108.  
  109. uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;       /**< Lowest safe stack virtual address */
  110.  
  111. void main_bsp(void);
  112. void main_ap(void);
  113.  
  114. /*
  115.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  116.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  117.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  118.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  119.  */
  120. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  121. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  122. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  123. #endif
  124.  
  125. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)
  126.  
  127. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  128.  *
  129.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  130.  * This function passes control directly to
  131.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  132.  *
  133.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  134.  *
  135.  */
  136. void main_bsp(void)
  137. {
  138.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  139.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  140.    
  141.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  142.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  143.    
  144.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  145.     config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  146.    
  147.     /* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */
  148.     config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  149.    
  150.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of init */
  151.     count_t i;
  152.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {
  153.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))
  154.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);
  155.     }
  156.  
  157.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */
  158.     if (ballocs.size) {
  159.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size, ballocs.base, ballocs.size))
  160.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base + ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);
  161.     }
  162.    
  163.     if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)
  164.         config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);
  165.    
  166.     context_save(&ctx);
  167.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  168.     context_restore(&ctx);
  169.     /* not reached */
  170. }
  171.  
  172.  
  173. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  174.  *
  175.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  176.  *
  177.  */
  178. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  179. {
  180.     task_t *k;
  181.     thread_t *t;
  182.     count_t i;
  183.    
  184.     the_initialize(THE);
  185.  
  186.     /*
  187.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  188.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  189.      * commands.
  190.      */
  191.     kconsole_init();
  192.    
  193.     /*
  194.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  195.      * starts adding its own handlers
  196.      */
  197.     exc_init();
  198.  
  199.     /*
  200.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  201.      */
  202.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  203.     frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */
  204.     slab_cache_init();
  205.     btree_init();
  206.     as_init();
  207.     page_init();
  208.     tlb_init();
  209.     arch_post_mm_init();
  210.  
  211.     version_print();
  212.     printf("kernel: %.*p hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  213.     printf("stack:  %.*p size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, config.stack_base, config.stack_size >> 10);
  214.  
  215.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  216.     smp_init();
  217.    
  218.     slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */
  219.  
  220.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  221.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  222.     cpu_init();
  223.    
  224.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  225.     clock_counter_init();
  226.     timeout_init();
  227.     scheduler_init();
  228.     task_init();
  229.     thread_init();
  230.     futex_init();
  231.     klog_init();
  232.    
  233.     if (init.cnt > 0) {
  234.         for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  235.             printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
  236.     } else
  237.         printf("No init binaries found\n");
  238.    
  239.     ipc_init();
  240.  
  241.     /*
  242.      * Create kernel task.
  243.      */
  244.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");
  245.     if (!k)
  246.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  247.    
  248.     /*
  249.      * Create the first thread.
  250.      */
  251.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");
  252.     if (!t)
  253.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  254.     thread_ready(t);
  255.    
  256.     /*
  257.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  258.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  259.      */
  260.     scheduler();
  261.     /* not reached */
  262. }
  263.  
  264.  
  265. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  266. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  267.  *
  268.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  269.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BSP boot.
  270.  * This function passes control directly to
  271.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  272.  *
  273.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  274.  *
  275.  */
  276. void main_ap(void)
  277. {
  278.     /*
  279.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  280.      * *_init() functions can find out that they need to
  281.      * do initialization for AP only.
  282.      */
  283.     config.cpu_active++;
  284.  
  285.     /*
  286.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  287.      */
  288.     the_initialize(THE);
  289.    
  290.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  291.     frame_init();
  292.     page_init();
  293.     tlb_init();
  294.     arch_post_mm_init();
  295.    
  296.     cpu_init();
  297.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  298.     arch_post_cpu_init();
  299.  
  300.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  301.  
  302.     /*
  303.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  304.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  305.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  306.      */
  307.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  308.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  309.     /* not reached */
  310. }
  311.  
  312.  
  313. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  314.  *
  315.  * Second part of main_ap().
  316.  *
  317.  */
  318. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  319. {
  320.     /*
  321.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  322.      */
  323.     timeout_init();
  324.  
  325.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  326.     scheduler();
  327.     /* not reached */
  328. }
  329. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  330.  
  331. /** @}
  332.  */
  333.