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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup main
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  36.  *
  37.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  38.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  39.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  40.  *
  41.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  42.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  43.  *
  44.  * @see scheduler()
  45.  * @see main_bsp()
  46.  * @see main_ap()
  47.  */
  48.  
  49. #include <arch/asm.h>
  50. #include <context.h>
  51. #include <print.h>
  52. #include <panic.h>
  53. #include <debug.h>
  54. #include <config.h>
  55. #include <time/clock.h>
  56. #include <time/timeout.h>
  57. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  58. #include <proc/thread.h>
  59. #include <proc/task.h>
  60. #include <main/kinit.h>
  61. #include <main/version.h>
  62. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  63. #include <cpu.h>
  64. #include <align.h>
  65. #include <interrupt.h>
  66. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  67. #include <mm/frame.h>
  68. #include <mm/page.h>
  69. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  70. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  71. #include <mm/as.h>
  72. #include <mm/slab.h>
  73. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  74. #include <synch/futex.h>
  75. #include <arch/arch.h>
  76. #include <arch.h>
  77. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  78. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  79. #include <macros.h>
  80. #include <adt/btree.h>
  81. #include <console/klog.h>
  82. #include <smp/smp.h>
  83. #include <ddi/ddi.h>
  84. #include <proc/tasklet.h>
  85.  
  86. /** Global configuration structure. */
  87. config_t config;
  88.  
  89. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  90. init_t init = {
  91.     0
  92. };
  93.  
  94. /** Boot allocations. */
  95. ballocs_t ballocs = {
  96.     .base = NULL,
  97.     .size = 0
  98. };
  99.  
  100. context_t ctx;
  101.  
  102. /*
  103.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  104.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  105.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  106.  */
  107. uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;   /**< Virtual address of where the kernel
  108.                       *  is loaded. */
  109. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel code in bytes.
  110.                       */
  111. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel data in bytes.
  112.                      */
  113. uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;       /**< Lowest safe stack virtual address.
  114.                       */
  115.  
  116. void main_bsp(void);
  117. void main_ap(void);
  118.  
  119. /*
  120.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  121.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  122.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  123.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  124.  */
  125. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  126. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  127. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  128. #endif
  129.  
  130. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1 << STACK_FRAMES) * STACK_SIZE)
  131.  
  132. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  133.  *
  134.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  135.  * This function passes control directly to
  136.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  137.  *
  138.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  139.  *
  140.  */
  141. void main_bsp(void)
  142. {
  143.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  144.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  145.    
  146.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  147.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  148.    
  149.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size +
  150.         hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  151.     config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  152.    
  153.     /* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */
  154.     config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  155.    
  156.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of init */
  157.     count_t i;
  158.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {
  159.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
  160.             init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))
  161.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr +
  162.                 init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);
  163.     }
  164.  
  165.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */
  166.     if (ballocs.size) {
  167.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
  168.             ballocs.base, ballocs.size))
  169.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base +
  170.                 ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);
  171.     }
  172.    
  173.     if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)
  174.         config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);
  175.    
  176.     context_save(&ctx);
  177.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base,
  178.         THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  179.     context_restore(&ctx);
  180.     /* not reached */
  181. }
  182.  
  183.  
  184. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  185.  *
  186.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  187.  *
  188.  */
  189. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  190. {
  191.     task_t *k;
  192.     thread_t *t;
  193.     count_t i;
  194.    
  195.     the_initialize(THE);
  196.  
  197.     /*
  198.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  199.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  200.      * commands.
  201.      */
  202.     kconsole_init();
  203.    
  204.     /*
  205.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  206.      * starts adding its own handlers
  207.      */
  208.     exc_init();
  209.  
  210.     /*
  211.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  212.      */
  213.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  214.     frame_init();      
  215.     /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work. */
  216.     slab_cache_init();
  217.     btree_init();
  218.     as_init();
  219.     page_init();
  220.     tlb_init();
  221.     ddi_init();
  222.     tasklet_init();
  223.     arch_post_mm_init();
  224.  
  225.     version_print();
  226.     printf("kernel: %.*p hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, "
  227.         "hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,
  228.         config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10,
  229.         hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  230.     printf("stack:  %.*p size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,
  231.         config.stack_base, config.stack_size >> 10);
  232.  
  233.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  234.     smp_init();
  235.     /* Slab must be initialized after we know the number of processors. */
  236.     slab_enable_cpucache();
  237.  
  238.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  239.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  240.     cpu_init();
  241.    
  242.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  243.     clock_counter_init();
  244.     timeout_init();
  245.     scheduler_init();
  246.     task_init();
  247.     thread_init();
  248.     futex_init();
  249.     klog_init();
  250.    
  251.     if (init.cnt > 0) {
  252.         for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  253.             printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i,
  254.                 sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i,
  255.                 init.tasks[i].size);
  256.     } else
  257.         printf("No init binaries found\n");
  258.    
  259.     ipc_init();
  260.  
  261.     /*
  262.      * Create kernel task.
  263.      */
  264.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "kernel");
  265.     if (!k)
  266.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  267.    
  268.     /*
  269.      * Create the first thread.
  270.      */
  271.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit", true);
  272.     if (!t)
  273.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  274.     thread_ready(t);
  275.    
  276.     tasklet_run_tasklet_thread(k);
  277.  
  278.     /*
  279.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  280.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  281.      */
  282.     scheduler();
  283.     /* not reached */
  284. }
  285.  
  286.  
  287. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  288. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  289.  *
  290.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  291.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BSP boot.
  292.  * This function passes control directly to
  293.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  294.  *
  295.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  296.  *
  297.  */
  298. void main_ap(void)
  299. {
  300.     /*
  301.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  302.      * *_init() functions can find out that they need to
  303.      * do initialization for AP only.
  304.      */
  305.     config.cpu_active++;
  306.  
  307.     /*
  308.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  309.      */
  310.     the_initialize(THE);
  311.    
  312.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  313.     frame_init();
  314.     page_init();
  315.     tlb_init();
  316.     arch_post_mm_init();
  317.    
  318.     cpu_init();
  319.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  320.     arch_post_cpu_init();
  321.  
  322.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  323.  
  324.     /*
  325.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  326.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  327.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  328.      */
  329.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack),
  330.         (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  331.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  332.     /* not reached */
  333. }
  334.  
  335.  
  336. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  337.  *
  338.  * Second part of main_ap().
  339.  *
  340.  */
  341. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  342. {
  343.     /*
  344.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  345.      */
  346.     timeout_init();
  347.  
  348.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  349.     scheduler();
  350.     /* not reached */
  351. }
  352. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  353.  
  354. /** @}
  355.  */
  356.