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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup main
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  36.  *
  37.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  38.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  39.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  40.  *
  41.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  42.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  43.  *
  44.  * @see scheduler()
  45.  * @see main_bsp()
  46.  * @see main_ap()
  47.  */
  48.  
  49. #include <arch/asm.h>
  50. #include <context.h>
  51. #include <print.h>
  52. #include <panic.h>
  53. #include <debug.h>
  54. #include <config.h>
  55. #include <time/clock.h>
  56. #include <time/timeout.h>
  57. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  58. #include <proc/thread.h>
  59. #include <proc/task.h>
  60. #include <main/kinit.h>
  61. #include <main/version.h>
  62. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  63. #include <cpu.h>
  64. #include <align.h>
  65. #include <interrupt.h>
  66. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  67. #include <mm/frame.h>
  68. #include <mm/page.h>
  69. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  70. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  71. #include <mm/as.h>
  72. #include <mm/slab.h>
  73. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  74. #include <synch/futex.h>
  75. #include <arch/arch.h>
  76. #include <arch.h>
  77. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  78. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  79. #include <macros.h>
  80. #include <adt/btree.h>
  81. #include <console/klog.h>
  82. #include <smp/smp.h>
  83. #include <ddi/ddi.h>
  84.  
  85. /** Global configuration structure. */
  86. config_t config;
  87.  
  88. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  89. init_t init = {
  90.     0
  91. };
  92.  
  93. /** Boot allocations. */
  94. ballocs_t ballocs = {
  95.     .base = NULL,
  96.     .size = 0
  97. };
  98.  
  99. context_t ctx;
  100.  
  101. /*
  102.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  103.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  104.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  105.  */
  106. uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;   /**< Virtual address of where the kernel
  107.                       *  is loaded. */
  108. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel code in bytes.
  109.                       */
  110. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel data in bytes.
  111.                      */
  112. uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;       /**< Lowest safe stack virtual address.
  113.                       */
  114.  
  115. void main_bsp(void);
  116. void main_ap(void);
  117.  
  118. /*
  119.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  120.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  121.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  122.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  123.  */
  124. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  125. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  126. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  127. #endif
  128.  
  129. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1 << STACK_FRAMES) * STACK_SIZE)
  130.  
  131. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  132.  *
  133.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  134.  * This function passes control directly to
  135.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  136.  *
  137.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  138.  *
  139.  */
  140. void main_bsp(void)
  141. {
  142.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  143.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  144.    
  145.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  146.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  147.    
  148.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size +
  149.         hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  150.     config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  151.    
  152.     /* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */
  153.     config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  154.    
  155.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of init */
  156.     count_t i;
  157.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {
  158.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
  159.             init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))
  160.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr +
  161.                 init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);
  162.     }
  163.  
  164.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */
  165.     if (ballocs.size) {
  166.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
  167.             ballocs.base, ballocs.size))
  168.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base +
  169.                 ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);
  170.     }
  171.    
  172.     if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)
  173.         config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);
  174.    
  175.     context_save(&ctx);
  176.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base,
  177.         THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  178.     context_restore(&ctx);
  179.     /* not reached */
  180. }
  181.  
  182.  
  183. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  184.  *
  185.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  186.  *
  187.  */
  188. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  189. {
  190.     task_t *k;
  191.     thread_t *t;
  192.     count_t i;
  193.    
  194.     the_initialize(THE);
  195.  
  196.     /*
  197.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  198.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  199.      * commands.
  200.      */
  201.     kconsole_init();
  202.    
  203.     /*
  204.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  205.      * starts adding its own handlers
  206.      */
  207.     exc_init();
  208.  
  209.     /*
  210.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  211.      */
  212.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  213.     frame_init();      
  214.     /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work. */
  215.     slab_cache_init();
  216.     btree_init();
  217.     as_init();
  218.     page_init();
  219.     tlb_init();
  220.     ddi_init();
  221.     arch_post_mm_init();
  222.  
  223.     version_print();
  224.     printf("kernel: %.*p hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, "
  225.         "hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,
  226.         config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10,
  227.         hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  228.     printf("stack:  %.*p size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,
  229.         config.stack_base, config.stack_size >> 10);
  230.  
  231.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  232.     smp_init();
  233.     /* Slab must be initialized after we know the number of processors. */
  234.     slab_enable_cpucache();
  235.  
  236.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  237.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  238.     cpu_init();
  239.    
  240.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  241.     clock_counter_init();
  242.     timeout_init();
  243.     scheduler_init();
  244.     task_init();
  245.     thread_init();
  246.     futex_init();
  247.     klog_init();
  248.    
  249.     if (init.cnt > 0) {
  250.         for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  251.             printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i,
  252.                 sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i,
  253.                 init.tasks[i].size);
  254.     } else
  255.         printf("No init binaries found\n");
  256.    
  257.     ipc_init();
  258.  
  259.     /*
  260.      * Create kernel task.
  261.      */
  262.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "kernel");
  263.     if (!k)
  264.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  265.    
  266.     /*
  267.      * Create the first thread.
  268.      */
  269.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit", true);
  270.     if (!t)
  271.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  272.     thread_ready(t);
  273.    
  274.     /*
  275.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  276.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  277.      */
  278.     scheduler();
  279.     /* not reached */
  280. }
  281.  
  282.  
  283. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  284. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  285.  *
  286.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  287.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BSP boot.
  288.  * This function passes control directly to
  289.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  290.  *
  291.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  292.  *
  293.  */
  294. void main_ap(void)
  295. {
  296.     /*
  297.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  298.      * *_init() functions can find out that they need to
  299.      * do initialization for AP only.
  300.      */
  301.     config.cpu_active++;
  302.  
  303.     /*
  304.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  305.      */
  306.     the_initialize(THE);
  307.    
  308.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  309.     frame_init();
  310.     page_init();
  311.     tlb_init();
  312.     arch_post_mm_init();
  313.    
  314.     cpu_init();
  315.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  316.     arch_post_cpu_init();
  317.  
  318.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  319.  
  320.     /*
  321.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  322.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  323.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  324.      */
  325.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack),
  326.         (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  327.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  328.     /* not reached */
  329. }
  330.  
  331.  
  332. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  333.  *
  334.  * Second part of main_ap().
  335.  *
  336.  */
  337. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  338. {
  339.     /*
  340.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  341.      */
  342.     timeout_init();
  343.  
  344.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  345.     scheduler();
  346.     /* not reached */
  347. }
  348. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  349.  
  350. /** @}
  351.  */
  352.