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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup genericproc
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Task management.
  36.  */
  37.  
  38. #include <main/uinit.h>
  39. #include <proc/thread.h>
  40. #include <proc/task.h>
  41. #include <proc/uarg.h>
  42. #include <mm/as.h>
  43. #include <mm/slab.h>
  44. #include <atomic.h>
  45. #include <synch/spinlock.h>
  46. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  47. #include <arch.h>
  48. #include <panic.h>
  49. #include <adt/avl.h>
  50. #include <adt/btree.h>
  51. #include <adt/list.h>
  52. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  53. #include <security/cap.h>
  54. #include <memstr.h>
  55. #include <print.h>
  56. #include <lib/elf.h>
  57. #include <errno.h>
  58. #include <func.h>
  59. #include <syscall/copy.h>
  60.  
  61. #ifndef LOADED_PROG_STACK_PAGES_NO
  62. #define LOADED_PROG_STACK_PAGES_NO 1
  63. #endif
  64.  
  65. /** Spinlock protecting the tasks_tree AVL tree. */
  66. SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(tasks_lock);
  67.  
  68. /** AVL tree of active tasks.
  69.  *
  70.  * The task is guaranteed to exist after it was found in the tasks_tree as
  71.  * long as:
  72.  * @li the tasks_lock is held,
  73.  * @li the task's lock is held when task's lock is acquired before releasing
  74.  *     tasks_lock or
  75.  * @li the task's refcount is greater than 0
  76.  *
  77.  */
  78. avltree_t tasks_tree;
  79.  
  80. static task_id_t task_counter = 0;
  81.  
  82. /** Initialize tasks
  83.  *
  84.  * Initialize kernel tasks support.
  85.  *
  86.  */
  87. void task_init(void)
  88. {
  89.     TASK = NULL;
  90.     avltree_create(&tasks_tree);
  91. }
  92.  
  93. /*
  94.  * The idea behind this walker is to remember a single task different from TASK.
  95.  */
  96. static bool task_done_walker(avltree_node_t *node, void *arg)
  97. {
  98.     task_t *t = avltree_get_instance(node, task_t, tasks_tree_node);
  99.     task_t **tp = (task_t **) arg;
  100.  
  101.     if (t != TASK) {
  102.         *tp = t;
  103.         return false;   /* stop walking */
  104.     }
  105.  
  106.     return true;    /* continue the walk */
  107. }
  108.  
  109. /** Kill all tasks except the current task.
  110.  *
  111.  */
  112. void task_done(void)
  113. {
  114.     task_t *t;
  115.     do { /* Repeat until there are any tasks except TASK */
  116.        
  117.         /* Messing with task structures, avoid deadlock */
  118.         ipl_t ipl = interrupts_disable();
  119.         spinlock_lock(&tasks_lock);
  120.        
  121.         t = NULL;
  122.         avltree_walk(&tasks_tree, task_done_walker, &t);
  123.        
  124.         if (t != NULL) {
  125.             task_id_t id = t->taskid;
  126.            
  127.             spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  128.             interrupts_restore(ipl);
  129.            
  130. #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  131.             printf("Killing task %llu\n", id);
  132. #endif         
  133.             task_kill(id);
  134.             thread_usleep(10000);
  135.         } else {
  136.             spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  137.             interrupts_restore(ipl);
  138.         }
  139.        
  140.     } while (t != NULL);
  141. }
  142.  
  143. /** Create new task
  144.  *
  145.  * Create new task with no threads.
  146.  *
  147.  * @param as Task's address space.
  148.  * @param name Symbolic name.
  149.  *
  150.  * @return New task's structure
  151.  *
  152.  */
  153. task_t *task_create(as_t *as, char *name)
  154. {
  155.     ipl_t ipl;
  156.     task_t *ta;
  157.     int i;
  158.    
  159.     ta = (task_t *) malloc(sizeof(task_t), 0);
  160.  
  161.     task_create_arch(ta);
  162.  
  163.     spinlock_initialize(&ta->lock, "task_ta_lock");
  164.     list_initialize(&ta->th_head);
  165.     ta->as = as;
  166.     ta->name = name;
  167.     atomic_set(&ta->refcount, 0);
  168.     atomic_set(&ta->lifecount, 0);
  169.     ta->context = CONTEXT;
  170.  
  171.     ta->capabilities = 0;
  172.     ta->cycles = 0;
  173.    
  174.     ipc_answerbox_init(&ta->answerbox);
  175.     for (i = 0; i < IPC_MAX_PHONES; i++)
  176.         ipc_phone_init(&ta->phones[i]);
  177.     if ((ipc_phone_0) && (context_check(ipc_phone_0->task->context,
  178.         ta->context)))
  179.         ipc_phone_connect(&ta->phones[0], ipc_phone_0);
  180.     atomic_set(&ta->active_calls, 0);
  181.  
  182.     mutex_initialize(&ta->futexes_lock);
  183.     btree_create(&ta->futexes);
  184.    
  185.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  186.  
  187.     /*
  188.      * Increment address space reference count.
  189.      */
  190.     atomic_inc(&as->refcount);
  191.  
  192.     spinlock_lock(&tasks_lock);
  193.     ta->taskid = ++task_counter;
  194.     avltree_node_initialize(&ta->tasks_tree_node);
  195.     ta->tasks_tree_node.key = ta->taskid;
  196.     avltree_insert(&tasks_tree, &ta->tasks_tree_node);
  197.     spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  198.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  199.  
  200.     return ta;
  201. }
  202.  
  203. /** Destroy task.
  204.  *
  205.  * @param t Task to be destroyed.
  206.  */
  207. void task_destroy(task_t *t)
  208. {
  209.     /*
  210.      * Remove the task from the task B+tree.
  211.      */
  212.     spinlock_lock(&tasks_lock);
  213.     avltree_delete(&tasks_tree, &t->tasks_tree_node);
  214.     spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  215.  
  216.     /*
  217.      * Perform architecture specific task destruction.
  218.      */
  219.     task_destroy_arch(t);
  220.  
  221.     /*
  222.      * Free up dynamically allocated state.
  223.      */
  224.     btree_destroy(&t->futexes);
  225.  
  226.     /*
  227.      * Drop our reference to the address space.
  228.      */
  229.     if (atomic_predec(&t->as->refcount) == 0)
  230.         as_destroy(t->as);
  231.    
  232.     free(t);
  233.     TASK = NULL;
  234. }
  235.  
  236. /** Create new task with 1 thread and run it
  237.  *
  238.  * @param program_addr Address of program executable image.
  239.  * @param name Program name.
  240.  *
  241.  * @return Task of the running program or NULL on error.
  242.  */
  243. task_t *task_run_program(void *program_addr, char *name)
  244. {
  245.     as_t *as;
  246.     as_area_t *a;
  247.     int rc;
  248.     thread_t *t;
  249.     task_t *task;
  250.     uspace_arg_t *kernel_uarg;
  251.  
  252.     as = as_create(0);
  253.     ASSERT(as);
  254.  
  255.     rc = elf_load((elf_header_t *) program_addr, as);
  256.     if (rc != EE_OK) {
  257.         as_destroy(as);
  258.         return NULL;
  259.     }
  260.    
  261.     kernel_uarg = (uspace_arg_t *) malloc(sizeof(uspace_arg_t), 0);
  262.     kernel_uarg->uspace_entry =
  263.         (void *) ((elf_header_t *) program_addr)->e_entry;
  264.     kernel_uarg->uspace_stack = (void *) USTACK_ADDRESS;
  265.     kernel_uarg->uspace_thread_function = NULL;
  266.     kernel_uarg->uspace_thread_arg = NULL;
  267.     kernel_uarg->uspace_uarg = NULL;
  268.    
  269.     task = task_create(as, name);
  270.     ASSERT(task);
  271.  
  272.     /*
  273.      * Create the data as_area.
  274.      */
  275.     a = as_area_create(as, AS_AREA_READ | AS_AREA_WRITE | AS_AREA_CACHEABLE,
  276.         LOADED_PROG_STACK_PAGES_NO * PAGE_SIZE, USTACK_ADDRESS,
  277.         AS_AREA_ATTR_NONE, &anon_backend, NULL);
  278.  
  279.     /*
  280.      * Create the main thread.
  281.      */
  282.     t = thread_create(uinit, kernel_uarg, task, THREAD_FLAG_USPACE,
  283.         "uinit", false);
  284.     ASSERT(t);
  285.    
  286.     thread_ready(t);
  287.  
  288.     return task;
  289. }
  290.  
  291. /** Syscall for reading task ID from userspace.
  292.  *
  293.  * @param uspace_task_id Userspace address of 8-byte buffer where to store
  294.  * current task ID.
  295.  *
  296.  * @return 0 on success or an error code from @ref errno.h.
  297.  */
  298. unative_t sys_task_get_id(task_id_t *uspace_task_id)
  299. {
  300.     /*
  301.      * No need to acquire lock on TASK because taskid
  302.      * remains constant for the lifespan of the task.
  303.      */
  304.     return (unative_t) copy_to_uspace(uspace_task_id, &TASK->taskid,
  305.         sizeof(TASK->taskid));
  306. }
  307.  
  308. /** Find task structure corresponding to task ID.
  309.  *
  310.  * The tasks_lock must be already held by the caller of this function
  311.  * and interrupts must be disabled.
  312.  *
  313.  * @param id Task ID.
  314.  *
  315.  * @return Task structure address or NULL if there is no such task ID.
  316.  */
  317. task_t *task_find_by_id(task_id_t id)
  318. {
  319.     avltree_node_t *node;
  320.    
  321.     node = avltree_search(&tasks_tree, (avltree_key_t) id);
  322.  
  323.     if (node)
  324.         return avltree_get_instance(node, task_t, tasks_tree_node);
  325.     return NULL;
  326. }
  327.  
  328. /** Get accounting data of given task.
  329.  *
  330.  * Note that task lock of 't' must be already held and
  331.  * interrupts must be already disabled.
  332.  *
  333.  * @param t Pointer to thread.
  334.  *
  335.  */
  336. uint64_t task_get_accounting(task_t *t)
  337. {
  338.     /* Accumulated value of task */
  339.     uint64_t ret = t->cycles;
  340.    
  341.     /* Current values of threads */
  342.     link_t *cur;
  343.     for (cur = t->th_head.next; cur != &t->th_head; cur = cur->next) {
  344.         thread_t *thr = list_get_instance(cur, thread_t, th_link);
  345.        
  346.         spinlock_lock(&thr->lock);
  347.         /* Process only counted threads */
  348.         if (!thr->uncounted) {
  349.             if (thr == THREAD) {
  350.                 /* Update accounting of current thread */
  351.                 thread_update_accounting();
  352.             }
  353.             ret += thr->cycles;
  354.         }
  355.         spinlock_unlock(&thr->lock);
  356.     }
  357.    
  358.     return ret;
  359. }
  360.  
  361. /** Kill task.
  362.  *
  363.  * This function is idempotent.
  364.  * It signals all the task's threads to bail it out.
  365.  *
  366.  * @param id ID of the task to be killed.
  367.  *
  368.  * @return 0 on success or an error code from errno.h
  369.  */
  370. int task_kill(task_id_t id)
  371. {
  372.     ipl_t ipl;
  373.     task_t *ta;
  374.     link_t *cur;
  375.  
  376.     if (id == 1)
  377.         return EPERM;
  378.    
  379.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  380.     spinlock_lock(&tasks_lock);
  381.     if (!(ta = task_find_by_id(id))) {
  382.         spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  383.         interrupts_restore(ipl);
  384.         return ENOENT;
  385.     }
  386.     spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  387.    
  388.     /*
  389.      * Interrupt all threads except ktaskclnp.
  390.      */
  391.     spinlock_lock(&ta->lock);
  392.     for (cur = ta->th_head.next; cur != &ta->th_head; cur = cur->next) {
  393.         thread_t *thr;
  394.         bool sleeping = false;
  395.        
  396.         thr = list_get_instance(cur, thread_t, th_link);
  397.            
  398.         spinlock_lock(&thr->lock);
  399.         thr->interrupted = true;
  400.         if (thr->state == Sleeping)
  401.             sleeping = true;
  402.         spinlock_unlock(&thr->lock);
  403.        
  404.         if (sleeping)
  405.             waitq_interrupt_sleep(thr);
  406.     }
  407.     spinlock_unlock(&ta->lock);
  408.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  409.    
  410.     return 0;
  411. }
  412.  
  413. static bool task_print_walker(avltree_node_t *node, void *arg)
  414. {
  415.     task_t *t = avltree_get_instance(node, task_t, tasks_tree_node);
  416.     int j;
  417.        
  418.     spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
  419.            
  420.     uint64_t cycles;
  421.     char suffix;
  422.     order(task_get_accounting(t), &cycles, &suffix);
  423.    
  424.     if (sizeof(void *) == 4)
  425.         printf("%-6llu %-10s %-3ld %#10zx %#10zx %9llu%c %7zd %6zd",
  426.             t->taskid, t->name, t->context, t, t->as, cycles, suffix,
  427.             t->refcount, atomic_get(&t->active_calls));
  428.     else
  429.         printf("%-6llu %-10s %-3ld %#18zx %#18zx %9llu%c %7zd %6zd",
  430.             t->taskid, t->name, t->context, t, t->as, cycles, suffix,
  431.             t->refcount, atomic_get(&t->active_calls));
  432.     for (j = 0; j < IPC_MAX_PHONES; j++) {
  433.         if (t->phones[j].callee)
  434.             printf(" %zd:%#zx", j, t->phones[j].callee);
  435.     }
  436.     printf("\n");
  437.            
  438.     spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
  439.     return true;
  440. }
  441.  
  442. /** Print task list */
  443. void task_print_list(void)
  444. {
  445.     ipl_t ipl;
  446.    
  447.     /* Messing with task structures, avoid deadlock */
  448.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  449.     spinlock_lock(&tasks_lock);
  450.    
  451.     if (sizeof(void *) == 4) {
  452.         printf("taskid name       ctx address    as         "
  453.             "cycles     threads calls  callee\n");
  454.         printf("------ ---------- --- ---------- ---------- "
  455.             "---------- ------- ------ ------>\n");
  456.     } else {
  457.         printf("taskid name       ctx address            as                 "
  458.             "cycles     threads calls  callee\n");
  459.         printf("------ ---------- --- ------------------ ------------------ "
  460.             "---------- ------- ------ ------>\n");
  461.     }
  462.  
  463.     avltree_walk(&tasks_tree, task_print_walker, NULL);
  464.  
  465.     spinlock_unlock(&tasks_lock);
  466.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  467. }
  468.  
  469. /** @}
  470.  */
  471.