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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (c) 2006 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup genericmm
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Backend for anonymous memory address space areas.
  36.  *
  37.  */
  38.  
  39. #include <mm/as.h>
  40. #include <mm/page.h>
  41. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  42. #include <genarch/mm/page_ht.h>
  43. #include <mm/frame.h>
  44. #include <mm/slab.h>
  45. #include <synch/mutex.h>
  46. #include <adt/list.h>
  47. #include <adt/btree.h>
  48. #include <errno.h>
  49. #include <arch/types.h>
  50. #include <typedefs.h>
  51. #include <align.h>
  52. #include <arch.h>
  53.  
  54. #ifdef CONFIG_VIRT_IDX_DCACHE
  55. #include <arch/mm/cache.h>
  56. #endif
  57.  
  58. static int anon_page_fault(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t addr, pf_access_t access);
  59. static void anon_frame_free(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t page, uintptr_t frame);
  60. static void anon_share(as_area_t *area);
  61.  
  62. mem_backend_t anon_backend = {
  63.     .page_fault = anon_page_fault,
  64.     .frame_free = anon_frame_free,
  65.     .share = anon_share
  66. };
  67.  
  68. /** Service a page fault in the anonymous memory address space area.
  69.  *
  70.  * The address space area and page tables must be already locked.
  71.  *
  72.  * @param area Pointer to the address space area.
  73.  * @param addr Faulting virtual address.
  74.  * @param access Access mode that caused the fault (i.e. read/write/exec).
  75.  *
  76.  * @return AS_PF_FAULT on failure (i.e. page fault) or AS_PF_OK on success (i.e. serviced).
  77.  */
  78. int anon_page_fault(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t addr, pf_access_t access)
  79. {
  80.     uintptr_t frame;
  81.  
  82.     if (!as_area_check_access(area, access))
  83.         return AS_PF_FAULT;
  84.  
  85.     if (area->sh_info) {
  86.         btree_node_t *leaf;
  87.        
  88.         /*
  89.          * The area is shared, chances are that the mapping can be found
  90.          * in the pagemap of the address space area share info structure.
  91.          * In the case that the pagemap does not contain the respective
  92.          * mapping, a new frame is allocated and the mapping is created.
  93.          */
  94.         mutex_lock(&area->sh_info->lock);
  95.         frame = (uintptr_t) btree_search(&area->sh_info->pagemap,
  96.             ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE) - area->base, &leaf);
  97.         if (!frame) {
  98.             bool allocate = true;
  99.             int i;
  100.            
  101.             /*
  102.              * Zero can be returned as a valid frame address.
  103.              * Just a small workaround.
  104.              */
  105.             for (i = 0; i < leaf->keys; i++) {
  106.                 if (leaf->key[i] == ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE)) {
  107.                     allocate = false;
  108.                     break;
  109.                 }
  110.             }
  111.             if (allocate) {
  112.                 frame = (uintptr_t) frame_alloc(ONE_FRAME, 0);
  113.                 memsetb(PA2KA(frame), FRAME_SIZE, 0);
  114.                
  115.                 /*
  116.                  * Insert the address of the newly allocated frame to the pagemap.
  117.                  */
  118.                 btree_insert(&area->sh_info->pagemap, ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE) - area->base, (void *) frame, leaf);
  119.             }
  120.         }
  121.         frame_reference_add(ADDR2PFN(frame));
  122.         mutex_unlock(&area->sh_info->lock);
  123.     } else {
  124.  
  125.         /*
  126.          * In general, there can be several reasons that
  127.          * can have caused this fault.
  128.          *
  129.          * - non-existent mapping: the area is an anonymous
  130.          *   area (e.g. heap or stack) and so far has not been
  131.          *   allocated a frame for the faulting page
  132.          *
  133.          * - non-present mapping: another possibility,
  134.          *   currently not implemented, would be frame
  135.          *   reuse; when this becomes a possibility,
  136.          *   do not forget to distinguish between
  137.          *   the different causes
  138.          */
  139.         frame = (uintptr_t) frame_alloc(ONE_FRAME, 0);
  140.         memsetb(PA2KA(frame), FRAME_SIZE, 0);
  141.     }
  142.    
  143.     /*
  144.      * Map 'page' to 'frame'.
  145.      * Note that TLB shootdown is not attempted as only new information is being
  146.      * inserted into page tables.
  147.      */
  148.     page_mapping_insert(AS, addr, frame, as_area_get_flags(area));
  149.     if (!used_space_insert(area, ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE), 1))
  150.         panic("Could not insert used space.\n");
  151.        
  152.     return AS_PF_OK;
  153. }
  154.  
  155. /** Free a frame that is backed by the anonymous memory backend.
  156.  *
  157.  * The address space area and page tables must be already locked.
  158.  *
  159.  * @param area Ignored.
  160.  * @param page Virtual address of the page corresponding to the frame.
  161.  * @param frame Frame to be released.
  162.  */
  163. void anon_frame_free(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t page, uintptr_t frame)
  164. {
  165.     frame_free(frame);
  166. #ifdef CONFIG_VIRT_IDX_DCACHE
  167.     dcache_flush_frame(page, frame);
  168. #endif
  169. }
  170.  
  171. /** Share the anonymous address space area.
  172.  *
  173.  * Sharing of anonymous area is done by duplicating its entire mapping
  174.  * to the pagemap. Page faults will primarily search for frames there.
  175.  *
  176.  * The address space and address space area must be already locked.
  177.  *
  178.  * @param area Address space area to be shared.
  179.  */
  180. void anon_share(as_area_t *area)
  181. {
  182.     link_t *cur;
  183.  
  184.     /*
  185.      * Copy used portions of the area to sh_info's page map.
  186.      */
  187.     mutex_lock(&area->sh_info->lock);
  188.     for (cur = area->used_space.leaf_head.next; cur != &area->used_space.leaf_head; cur = cur->next) {
  189.         btree_node_t *node;
  190.         int i;
  191.        
  192.         node = list_get_instance(cur, btree_node_t, leaf_link);
  193.         for (i = 0; i < node->keys; i++) {
  194.             uintptr_t base = node->key[i];
  195.             count_t count = (count_t) node->value[i];
  196.             int j;
  197.            
  198.             for (j = 0; j < count; j++) {
  199.                 pte_t *pte;
  200.            
  201.                 page_table_lock(area->as, false);
  202.                 pte = page_mapping_find(area->as, base + j*PAGE_SIZE);
  203.                 ASSERT(pte && PTE_VALID(pte) && PTE_PRESENT(pte));
  204.                 btree_insert(&area->sh_info->pagemap, (base + j*PAGE_SIZE) - area->base,
  205.                     (void *) PTE_GET_FRAME(pte), NULL);
  206.                 page_table_unlock(area->as, false);
  207.                 frame_reference_add(ADDR2PFN(PTE_GET_FRAME(pte)));
  208.             }
  209.                
  210.         }
  211.     }
  212.     mutex_unlock(&area->sh_info->lock);
  213. }
  214.  
  215. /** @}
  216.  */
  217.