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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /** @addtogroup main
  30.  * @{
  31.  */
  32.  
  33. /**
  34.  * @file
  35.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  36.  *
  37.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  38.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  39.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  40.  *
  41.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  42.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  43.  *
  44.  * @see scheduler()
  45.  * @see main_bsp()
  46.  * @see main_ap()
  47.  */
  48.  
  49. #include <arch/asm.h>
  50. #include <context.h>
  51. #include <print.h>
  52. #include <panic.h>
  53. #include <debug.h>
  54. #include <config.h>
  55. #include <time/clock.h>
  56. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  57. #include <proc/thread.h>
  58. #include <proc/task.h>
  59. #include <main/kinit.h>
  60. #include <main/version.h>
  61. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  62. #include <cpu.h>
  63. #include <align.h>
  64. #include <interrupt.h>
  65. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  66. #include <mm/frame.h>
  67. #include <mm/page.h>
  68. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  69. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  70. #include <mm/as.h>
  71. #include <mm/slab.h>
  72. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  73. #include <synch/futex.h>
  74. #include <arch/arch.h>
  75. #include <arch.h>
  76. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  77. #include <typedefs.h>
  78. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  79. #include <macros.h>
  80. #include <adt/btree.h>
  81. #include <console/klog.h>
  82.  
  83. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  84. #include <arch/smp/apic.h>
  85. #include <arch/smp/mps.h>
  86. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  87. #include <smp/smp.h>
  88.  
  89. /** Global configuration structure. */
  90. config_t config;
  91.  
  92. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  93. init_t init = {
  94.     0
  95. };
  96.  
  97. /** Boot allocations. */
  98. ballocs_t ballocs = {
  99.     .base = NULL,
  100.     .size = 0
  101. };
  102.  
  103. context_t ctx;
  104.  
  105. /*
  106.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  107.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  108.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  109.  */
  110. uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;   /**< Virtual address of where the kernel is loaded. */
  111. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel code in bytes. */
  112. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;    /**< Size of the kernel data in bytes. */
  113.  
  114. uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;       /**< Lowest safe stack virtual address */
  115.  
  116. void main_bsp(void);
  117. void main_ap(void);
  118.  
  119. /*
  120.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  121.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  122.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  123.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  124.  */
  125. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  126. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  127. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  128. #endif
  129.  
  130. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)
  131.  
  132. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  133.  *
  134.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  135.  * This function passes control directly to
  136.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  137.  *
  138.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  139.  *
  140.  */
  141. void main_bsp(void)
  142. {
  143.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  144.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  145.    
  146.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  147.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  148.    
  149.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  150.     config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  151.    
  152.     /* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */
  153.     config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  154.    
  155.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of init */
  156.     count_t i;
  157.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {
  158.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))
  159.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);
  160.     }
  161.  
  162.     /* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */
  163.     if (ballocs.size) {
  164.         if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size, ballocs.base, ballocs.size))
  165.             config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base + ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);
  166.     }
  167.    
  168.     if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)
  169.         config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);
  170.    
  171.     context_save(&ctx);
  172.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  173.     context_restore(&ctx);
  174.     /* not reached */
  175. }
  176.  
  177.  
  178. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  179.  *
  180.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  181.  *
  182.  */
  183. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  184. {
  185.     task_t *k;
  186.     thread_t *t;
  187.     count_t i;
  188.    
  189.     the_initialize(THE);
  190.  
  191.     /*
  192.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  193.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  194.      * commands.
  195.      */
  196.     kconsole_init();
  197.    
  198.     /*
  199.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  200.      * starts adding its own handlers
  201.      */
  202.     exc_init();
  203.  
  204.     /*
  205.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  206.      */
  207.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  208.     frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */
  209.     slab_cache_init();
  210.     btree_init();
  211.     as_init();
  212.     page_init();
  213.     tlb_init();
  214.     arch_post_mm_init();
  215.  
  216.     version_print();
  217.     printf("kernel: %.*p hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  218.     printf("stack:  %.*p size=%zdK\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, config.stack_base, config.stack_size >> 10);
  219.  
  220.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  221.     smp_init();
  222.    
  223.     slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */
  224.  
  225.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  226.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  227.     cpu_init();
  228.    
  229.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  230.     clock_counter_init();
  231.     timeout_init();
  232.     scheduler_init();
  233.     task_init();
  234.     thread_init();
  235.     futex_init();
  236.     klog_init();
  237.    
  238.     if (init.cnt > 0) {
  239.         for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  240.             printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
  241.     } else
  242.         printf("No init tasks found\n");
  243.    
  244.     ipc_init();
  245.  
  246.     /*
  247.      * Create kernel task.
  248.      */
  249.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");
  250.     if (!k)
  251.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  252.    
  253.     /*
  254.      * Create the first thread.
  255.      */
  256.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");
  257.     if (!t)
  258.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  259.     thread_ready(t);
  260.    
  261.     /*
  262.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  263.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  264.      */
  265.     scheduler();
  266.     /* not reached */
  267. }
  268.  
  269.  
  270. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  271. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  272.  *
  273.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  274.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BP boot.
  275.  * This function passes control directly to
  276.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  277.  *
  278.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  279.  *
  280.  */
  281. void main_ap(void)
  282. {
  283.     /*
  284.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  285.      * pm_init() will not attempt to build GDT and IDT tables again.
  286.      * Neither frame_init() will do the complete thing. Neither cpu_init()
  287.      * will do.
  288.      */
  289.     config.cpu_active++;
  290.  
  291.     /*
  292.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  293.      */
  294.     the_initialize(THE);
  295.    
  296.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  297.     frame_init();
  298.     page_init();
  299.     tlb_init();
  300.     arch_post_mm_init();
  301.    
  302.     cpu_init();
  303.    
  304.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  305.  
  306.     l_apic_init();
  307.     l_apic_debug();
  308.  
  309.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  310.  
  311.     /*
  312.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  313.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  314.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  315.      */
  316.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  317.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  318.     /* not reached */
  319. }
  320.  
  321.  
  322. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  323.  *
  324.  * Second part of main_ap().
  325.  *
  326.  */
  327. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  328. {
  329.     /*
  330.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  331.      */
  332.     timeout_init();
  333.  
  334.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  335.     scheduler();
  336.     /* not reached */
  337. }
  338. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  339.  
  340. /** @}
  341.  */
  342.