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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  30. #include <proc/thread.h>
  31. #include <proc/task.h>
  32. #include <proc/uarg.h>
  33. #include <mm/frame.h>
  34. #include <mm/page.h>
  35. #include <arch/asm.h>
  36. #include <arch.h>
  37. #include <synch/synch.h>
  38. #include <synch/spinlock.h>
  39. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  40. #include <synch/rwlock.h>
  41. #include <cpu.h>
  42. #include <func.h>
  43. #include <context.h>
  44. #include <adt/btree.h>
  45. #include <adt/list.h>
  46. #include <typedefs.h>
  47. #include <time/clock.h>
  48. #include <config.h>
  49. #include <arch/interrupt.h>
  50. #include <smp/ipi.h>
  51. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  52. #include <atomic.h>
  53. #include <memstr.h>
  54. #include <print.h>
  55. #include <mm/slab.h>
  56. #include <debug.h>
  57. #include <main/uinit.h>
  58.  
  59. char *thread_states[] = {"Invalid", "Running", "Sleeping", "Ready", "Entering", "Exiting"}; /**< Thread states */
  60.  
  61. /** Lock protecting threads_head list. For locking rules, see declaration thereof. */
  62. SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(threads_lock);
  63. btree_t threads_btree;          /**< B+tree of all threads. */
  64.  
  65. SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(tidlock);
  66. __u32 last_tid = 0;
  67.  
  68. static slab_cache_t *thread_slab;
  69. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  70. slab_cache_t *fpu_context_slab;
  71. #endif
  72.  
  73. /** Thread wrapper
  74.  *
  75.  * This wrapper is provided to ensure that every thread
  76.  * makes a call to thread_exit() when its implementing
  77.  * function returns.
  78.  *
  79.  * interrupts_disable() is assumed.
  80.  *
  81.  */
  82. static void cushion(void)
  83. {
  84.     void (*f)(void *) = THREAD->thread_code;
  85.     void *arg = THREAD->thread_arg;
  86.  
  87.     /* this is where each thread wakes up after its creation */
  88.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  89.     interrupts_enable();
  90.  
  91.     f(arg);
  92.     thread_exit();
  93.     /* not reached */
  94. }
  95.  
  96. /** Initialization and allocation for thread_t structure */
  97. static int thr_constructor(void *obj, int kmflags)
  98. {
  99.     thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
  100.     pfn_t pfn;
  101.     int status;
  102.  
  103.     spinlock_initialize(&t->lock, "thread_t_lock");
  104.     link_initialize(&t->rq_link);
  105.     link_initialize(&t->wq_link);
  106.     link_initialize(&t->th_link);
  107.    
  108. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  109. #  ifdef CONFIG_FPU_LAZY
  110.     t->saved_fpu_context = NULL;
  111. #  else
  112.     t->saved_fpu_context = slab_alloc(fpu_context_slab,kmflags);
  113.     if (!t->saved_fpu_context)
  114.         return -1;
  115. #  endif
  116. #endif 
  117.  
  118.     pfn = frame_alloc_rc(STACK_FRAMES, FRAME_KA | kmflags,&status);
  119.     if (status) {
  120. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  121.         if (t->saved_fpu_context)
  122.             slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
  123. #endif
  124.         return -1;
  125.     }
  126.     t->kstack = (__u8 *)PA2KA(PFN2ADDR(pfn));
  127.  
  128.     return 0;
  129. }
  130.  
  131. /** Destruction of thread_t object */
  132. static int thr_destructor(void *obj)
  133. {
  134.     thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
  135.  
  136.     frame_free(ADDR2PFN(KA2PA(t->kstack)));
  137. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  138.     if (t->saved_fpu_context)
  139.         slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
  140. #endif
  141.     return 1; /* One page freed */
  142. }
  143.  
  144. /** Initialize threads
  145.  *
  146.  * Initialize kernel threads support.
  147.  *
  148.  */
  149. void thread_init(void)
  150. {
  151.     THREAD = NULL;
  152.     atomic_set(&nrdy,0);
  153.     thread_slab = slab_cache_create("thread_slab",
  154.                     sizeof(thread_t),0,
  155.                     thr_constructor, thr_destructor, 0);
  156. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  157.     fpu_context_slab = slab_cache_create("fpu_slab",
  158.                          sizeof(fpu_context_t),
  159.                          FPU_CONTEXT_ALIGN,
  160.                          NULL, NULL, 0);
  161. #endif
  162.  
  163.     btree_create(&threads_btree);
  164. }
  165.  
  166. /** Make thread ready
  167.  *
  168.  * Switch thread t to the ready state.
  169.  *
  170.  * @param t Thread to make ready.
  171.  *
  172.  */
  173. void thread_ready(thread_t *t)
  174. {
  175.     cpu_t *cpu;
  176.     runq_t *r;
  177.     ipl_t ipl;
  178.     int i, avg;
  179.  
  180.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  181.  
  182.     spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
  183.  
  184.     ASSERT(! (t->state == Ready));
  185.  
  186.     i = (t->priority < RQ_COUNT -1) ? ++t->priority : t->priority;
  187.    
  188.     cpu = CPU;
  189.     if (t->flags & X_WIRED) {
  190.         cpu = t->cpu;
  191.     }
  192.     t->state = Ready;
  193.     spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
  194.    
  195.     /*
  196.      * Append t to respective ready queue on respective processor.
  197.      */
  198.     r = &cpu->rq[i];
  199.     spinlock_lock(&r->lock);
  200.     list_append(&t->rq_link, &r->rq_head);
  201.     r->n++;
  202.     spinlock_unlock(&r->lock);
  203.  
  204.     atomic_inc(&nrdy);
  205.     avg = atomic_get(&nrdy) / config.cpu_active;
  206.     atomic_inc(&cpu->nrdy);
  207.  
  208.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  209. }
  210.  
  211. /** Destroy thread memory structure
  212.  *
  213.  * Detach thread from all queues, cpus etc. and destroy it.
  214.  *
  215.  * Assume thread->lock is held!!
  216.  */
  217. void thread_destroy(thread_t *t)
  218. {
  219.     ASSERT(t->state == Exiting);
  220.     ASSERT(t->task);
  221.     ASSERT(t->cpu);
  222.  
  223.     spinlock_lock(&t->cpu->lock);
  224.     if(t->cpu->fpu_owner==t)
  225.         t->cpu->fpu_owner=NULL;
  226.     spinlock_unlock(&t->cpu->lock);
  227.  
  228.     /*
  229.      * Detach from the containing task.
  230.      */
  231.     spinlock_lock(&t->task->lock);
  232.     list_remove(&t->th_link);
  233.     spinlock_unlock(&t->task->lock);
  234.    
  235.     spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
  236.    
  237.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  238.     btree_remove(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address ) t), NULL);
  239.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  240.    
  241.     slab_free(thread_slab, t);
  242. }
  243.  
  244. /** Create new thread
  245.  *
  246.  * Create a new thread.
  247.  *
  248.  * @param func  Thread's implementing function.
  249.  * @param arg   Thread's implementing function argument.
  250.  * @param task  Task to which the thread belongs.
  251.  * @param flags Thread flags.
  252.  * @param name  Symbolic name.
  253.  *
  254.  * @return New thread's structure on success, NULL on failure.
  255.  *
  256.  */
  257. thread_t *thread_create(void (* func)(void *), void *arg, task_t *task, int flags, char *name)
  258. {
  259.     thread_t *t;
  260.     ipl_t ipl;
  261.    
  262.     t = (thread_t *) slab_alloc(thread_slab, 0);
  263.     if (!t)
  264.         return NULL;
  265.  
  266.     thread_create_arch(t);
  267.    
  268.     /* Not needed, but good for debugging */
  269.     memsetb((__address)t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE * 1<<STACK_FRAMES, 0);
  270.    
  271.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  272.     spinlock_lock(&tidlock);
  273.     t->tid = ++last_tid;
  274.     spinlock_unlock(&tidlock);
  275.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  276.    
  277.     context_save(&t->saved_context);
  278.     context_set(&t->saved_context, FADDR(cushion), (__address) t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  279.    
  280.     the_initialize((the_t *) t->kstack);
  281.    
  282.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  283.     t->saved_context.ipl = interrupts_read();
  284.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  285.    
  286.     memcpy(t->name, name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
  287.    
  288.     t->thread_code = func;
  289.     t->thread_arg = arg;
  290.     t->ticks = -1;
  291.     t->priority = -1;       /* start in rq[0] */
  292.     t->cpu = NULL;
  293.     t->flags = 0;
  294.     t->state = Entering;
  295.     t->call_me = NULL;
  296.     t->call_me_with = NULL;
  297.    
  298.     timeout_initialize(&t->sleep_timeout);
  299.     t->sleep_queue = NULL;
  300.     t->timeout_pending = 0;
  301.    
  302.     t->rwlock_holder_type = RWLOCK_NONE;
  303.        
  304.     t->task = task;
  305.    
  306.     t->fpu_context_exists = 0;
  307.     t->fpu_context_engaged = 0;
  308.    
  309.     /*
  310.      * Register this thread in the system-wide list.
  311.      */
  312.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  313.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  314.     btree_insert(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address) t), (void *) t, NULL);
  315.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  316.    
  317.     /*
  318.      * Attach to the containing task.
  319.      */
  320.     spinlock_lock(&task->lock);
  321.     list_append(&t->th_link, &task->th_head);
  322.     spinlock_unlock(&task->lock);
  323.    
  324.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  325.    
  326.     return t;
  327. }
  328.  
  329. /** Make thread exiting
  330.  *
  331.  * End current thread execution and switch it to the exiting
  332.  * state. All pending timeouts are executed.
  333.  *
  334.  */
  335. void thread_exit(void)
  336. {
  337.     ipl_t ipl;
  338.  
  339. restart:
  340.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  341.     spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
  342.     if (THREAD->timeout_pending) { /* busy waiting for timeouts in progress */
  343.         spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  344.         interrupts_restore(ipl);
  345.         goto restart;
  346.     }
  347.     THREAD->state = Exiting;
  348.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  349.     scheduler();
  350. }
  351.  
  352.  
  353. /** Thread sleep
  354.  *
  355.  * Suspend execution of the current thread.
  356.  *
  357.  * @param sec Number of seconds to sleep.
  358.  *
  359.  */
  360. void thread_sleep(__u32 sec)
  361. {
  362.     thread_usleep(sec*1000000);
  363. }
  364.  
  365. /** Thread usleep
  366.  *
  367.  * Suspend execution of the current thread.
  368.  *
  369.  * @param usec Number of microseconds to sleep.
  370.  *
  371.  */
  372. void thread_usleep(__u32 usec)
  373. {
  374.     waitq_t wq;
  375.                  
  376.     waitq_initialize(&wq);
  377.  
  378.     (void) waitq_sleep_timeout(&wq, usec, SYNCH_NON_BLOCKING);
  379. }
  380.  
  381. /** Register thread out-of-context invocation
  382.  *
  383.  * Register a function and its argument to be executed
  384.  * on next context switch to the current thread.
  385.  *
  386.  * @param call_me      Out-of-context function.
  387.  * @param call_me_with Out-of-context function argument.
  388.  *
  389.  */
  390. void thread_register_call_me(void (* call_me)(void *), void *call_me_with)
  391. {
  392.     ipl_t ipl;
  393.    
  394.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  395.     spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
  396.     THREAD->call_me = call_me;
  397.     THREAD->call_me_with = call_me_with;
  398.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  399.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  400. }
  401.  
  402. /** Print list of threads debug info */
  403. void thread_print_list(void)
  404. {
  405.     link_t *cur;
  406.     ipl_t ipl;
  407.    
  408.     /* Messing with thread structures, avoid deadlock */
  409.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  410.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  411.  
  412.     for (cur = threads_btree.leaf_head.next; cur != &threads_btree.leaf_head; cur = cur->next) {
  413.         btree_node_t *node;
  414.         int i;
  415.  
  416.         node = list_get_instance(cur, btree_node_t, leaf_link);
  417.         for (i = 0; i < node->keys; i++) {
  418.             thread_t *t;
  419.        
  420.             t = (thread_t *) node->value[i];
  421.             printf("%s: address=%#zX, tid=%zd, state=%s, task=%#zX, code=%#zX, stack=%#zX, cpu=",
  422.                 t->name, t, t->tid, thread_states[t->state], t->task, t->thread_code, t->kstack);
  423.             if (t->cpu)
  424.                 printf("cpu%zd ", t->cpu->id);
  425.             else
  426.                 printf("none");
  427.             printf("\n");
  428.         }
  429.     }
  430.  
  431.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  432.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  433. }
  434.  
  435. /** Check whether thread exists.
  436.  *
  437.  * Note that threads_lock must be already held and
  438.  * interrupts must be already disabled.
  439.  *
  440.  * @param t Pointer to thread.
  441.  *
  442.  * @return True if thread t is known to the system, false otherwise.
  443.  */
  444. bool thread_exists(thread_t *t)
  445. {
  446.     btree_node_t *leaf;
  447.    
  448.     return btree_search(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address) t), &leaf) != NULL;
  449. }
  450.  
  451. /** Process syscall to create new thread.
  452.  *
  453.  */
  454. __native sys_thread_create(uspace_arg_t *uspace_uarg, char *uspace_name)
  455. {
  456.     thread_t *t;
  457.     char namebuf[THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN];
  458.     uspace_arg_t *kernel_uarg;
  459.     __u32 tid;
  460.  
  461.     copy_from_uspace(namebuf, uspace_name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
  462.  
  463.     kernel_uarg = (uspace_arg_t *) malloc(sizeof(uspace_arg_t), 0);
  464.     copy_from_uspace(kernel_uarg, uspace_uarg, sizeof(uspace_arg_t));
  465.  
  466.     if ((t = thread_create(uinit, kernel_uarg, TASK, 0, namebuf))) {
  467.         tid = t->tid;
  468.         thread_ready(t);
  469.         return (__native) tid;
  470.     } else {
  471.         free(kernel_uarg);
  472.     }
  473.  
  474.     return (__native) -1;
  475. }
  476.  
  477. /** Process syscall to terminate thread.
  478.  *
  479.  */
  480. __native sys_thread_exit(int uspace_status)
  481. {
  482.     thread_exit();
  483.     /* Unreachable */
  484.     return 0;
  485. }
  486.