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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  30. #include <proc/thread.h>
  31. #include <proc/task.h>
  32. #include <mm/frame.h>
  33. #include <mm/page.h>
  34. #include <arch/asm.h>
  35. #include <arch.h>
  36. #include <synch/synch.h>
  37. #include <synch/spinlock.h>
  38. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  39. #include <synch/rwlock.h>
  40. #include <cpu.h>
  41. #include <func.h>
  42. #include <context.h>
  43. #include <adt/list.h>
  44. #include <typedefs.h>
  45. #include <time/clock.h>
  46. #include <adt/list.h>
  47. #include <config.h>
  48. #include <arch/interrupt.h>
  49. #include <smp/ipi.h>
  50. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  51. #include <arch/atomic.h>
  52. #include <memstr.h>
  53. #include <print.h>
  54. #include <mm/slab.h>
  55. #include <debug.h>
  56. #include <main/uinit.h>
  57.  
  58. char *thread_states[] = {"Invalid", "Running", "Sleeping", "Ready", "Entering", "Exiting"}; /**< Thread states */
  59.  
  60. SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(threads_lock);  /**< Lock protecting threads_head list. For locking rules, see declaration thereof. */
  61. LIST_INITIALIZE(threads_head);      /**< List of all threads. */
  62.  
  63. SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(tidlock);
  64. __u32 last_tid = 0;
  65.  
  66. static slab_cache_t *thread_slab;
  67. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  68. slab_cache_t *fpu_context_slab;
  69. #endif
  70.  
  71.  
  72. /** Thread wrapper
  73.  *
  74.  * This wrapper is provided to ensure that every thread
  75.  * makes a call to thread_exit() when its implementing
  76.  * function returns.
  77.  *
  78.  * interrupts_disable() is assumed.
  79.  *
  80.  */
  81. static void cushion(void)
  82. {
  83.     void (*f)(void *) = THREAD->thread_code;
  84.     void *arg = THREAD->thread_arg;
  85.  
  86.     /* this is where each thread wakes up after its creation */
  87.     before_thread_runs();
  88.  
  89.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  90.     interrupts_enable();
  91.  
  92.     f(arg);
  93.     thread_exit();
  94.     /* not reached */
  95. }
  96.  
  97. /** Initialization and allocation for thread_t structure */
  98. static int thr_constructor(void *obj, int kmflags)
  99. {
  100.     thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
  101.     pfn_t pfn;
  102.     int status;
  103.  
  104.     spinlock_initialize(&t->lock, "thread_t_lock");
  105.     link_initialize(&t->rq_link);
  106.     link_initialize(&t->wq_link);
  107.     link_initialize(&t->th_link);
  108.     link_initialize(&t->threads_link);
  109.    
  110. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  111. #  ifdef CONFIG_FPU_LAZY
  112.     t->saved_fpu_context = NULL;
  113. #  else
  114.     t->saved_fpu_context = slab_alloc(fpu_context_slab,kmflags);
  115.     if (!t->saved_fpu_context)
  116.         return -1;
  117. #  endif
  118. #endif 
  119.  
  120.     pfn = frame_alloc_rc(STACK_FRAMES, FRAME_KA | kmflags,&status);
  121.     if (status) {
  122. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  123.         if (t->saved_fpu_context)
  124.             slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
  125. #endif
  126.         return -1;
  127.     }
  128.     t->kstack = (__u8 *)PA2KA(PFN2ADDR(pfn));
  129.  
  130.     return 0;
  131. }
  132.  
  133. /** Destruction of thread_t object */
  134. static int thr_destructor(void *obj)
  135. {
  136.     thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
  137.  
  138.     frame_free(ADDR2PFN(KA2PA(t->kstack)));
  139. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  140.     if (t->saved_fpu_context)
  141.         slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
  142. #endif
  143.     return 1; /* One page freed */
  144. }
  145.  
  146. /** Initialize threads
  147.  *
  148.  * Initialize kernel threads support.
  149.  *
  150.  */
  151. void thread_init(void)
  152. {
  153.     THREAD = NULL;
  154.     atomic_set(&nrdy,0);
  155.     thread_slab = slab_cache_create("thread_slab",
  156.                     sizeof(thread_t),0,
  157.                     thr_constructor, thr_destructor, 0);
  158. #ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
  159.     fpu_context_slab = slab_cache_create("fpu_slab",
  160.                          sizeof(fpu_context_t),
  161.                          FPU_CONTEXT_ALIGN,
  162.                          NULL, NULL, 0);
  163. #endif
  164. }
  165.  
  166.  
  167. /** Make thread ready
  168.  *
  169.  * Switch thread t to the ready state.
  170.  *
  171.  * @param t Thread to make ready.
  172.  *
  173.  */
  174. void thread_ready(thread_t *t)
  175. {
  176.     cpu_t *cpu;
  177.     runq_t *r;
  178.     ipl_t ipl;
  179.     int i, avg;
  180.  
  181.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  182.  
  183.     spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
  184.  
  185.     i = (t->priority < RQ_COUNT -1) ? ++t->priority : t->priority;
  186.    
  187.     cpu = CPU;
  188.     if (t->flags & X_WIRED) {
  189.         cpu = t->cpu;
  190.     }
  191.     spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
  192.    
  193.     /*
  194.      * Append t to respective ready queue on respective processor.
  195.      */
  196.     r = &cpu->rq[i];
  197.     spinlock_lock(&r->lock);
  198.     list_append(&t->rq_link, &r->rq_head);
  199.     r->n++;
  200.     spinlock_unlock(&r->lock);
  201.  
  202.     atomic_inc(&nrdy);
  203.     avg = atomic_get(&nrdy) / config.cpu_active;
  204.     atomic_inc(&cpu->nrdy);
  205.  
  206.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  207. }
  208.  
  209.  
  210. /** Destroy thread memory structure
  211.  *
  212.  * Detach thread from all queues, cpus etc. and destroy it.
  213.  *
  214.  * Assume thread->lock is held!!
  215.  */
  216. void thread_destroy(thread_t *t)
  217. {
  218.     ASSERT(t->state == Exiting);
  219.     ASSERT(t->task);
  220.     ASSERT(t->cpu);
  221.  
  222.     spinlock_lock(&t->cpu->lock);
  223.     if(t->cpu->fpu_owner==t)
  224.         t->cpu->fpu_owner=NULL;
  225.     spinlock_unlock(&t->cpu->lock);
  226.  
  227.     /*
  228.      * Detach from the containing task.
  229.      */
  230.     spinlock_lock(&t->task->lock);
  231.     list_remove(&t->th_link);
  232.     spinlock_unlock(&t->task->lock);
  233.    
  234.     spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
  235.    
  236.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  237.     list_remove(&t->threads_link);
  238.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  239.    
  240.     slab_free(thread_slab, t);
  241. }
  242.  
  243.  
  244. /** Create new thread
  245.  *
  246.  * Create a new thread.
  247.  *
  248.  * @param func  Thread's implementing function.
  249.  * @param arg   Thread's implementing function argument.
  250.  * @param task  Task to which the thread belongs.
  251.  * @param flags Thread flags.
  252.  * @param name  Symbolic name.
  253.  *
  254.  * @return New thread's structure on success, NULL on failure.
  255.  *
  256.  */
  257. thread_t *thread_create(void (* func)(void *), void *arg, task_t *task, int flags, char *name)
  258. {
  259.     thread_t *t;
  260.     ipl_t ipl;
  261.    
  262.     t = (thread_t *) slab_alloc(thread_slab, 0);
  263.     if (!t)
  264.         return NULL;
  265.    
  266.     /* Not needed, but good for debugging */
  267.     memsetb((__address)t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE, 0);
  268.    
  269.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  270.     spinlock_lock(&tidlock);
  271.     t->tid = ++last_tid;
  272.     spinlock_unlock(&tidlock);
  273.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  274.    
  275.     context_save(&t->saved_context);
  276.     context_set(&t->saved_context, FADDR(cushion), (__address) t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  277.    
  278.     the_initialize((the_t *) t->kstack);
  279.    
  280.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  281.     t->saved_context.ipl = interrupts_read();
  282.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  283.    
  284.     memcpy(t->name, name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
  285.    
  286.     t->thread_code = func;
  287.     t->thread_arg = arg;
  288.     t->ticks = -1;
  289.     t->priority = -1;       /* start in rq[0] */
  290.     t->cpu = NULL;
  291.     t->flags = 0;
  292.     t->state = Entering;
  293.     t->call_me = NULL;
  294.     t->call_me_with = NULL;
  295.    
  296.     timeout_initialize(&t->sleep_timeout);
  297.     t->sleep_queue = NULL;
  298.     t->timeout_pending = 0;
  299.    
  300.     t->rwlock_holder_type = RWLOCK_NONE;
  301.        
  302.     t->task = task;
  303.    
  304.     t->fpu_context_exists = 0;
  305.     t->fpu_context_engaged = 0;
  306.    
  307.     /*
  308.      * Register this thread in the system-wide list.
  309.      */
  310.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  311.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  312.     list_append(&t->threads_link, &threads_head);
  313.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  314.    
  315.     /*
  316.      * Attach to the containing task.
  317.      */
  318.     spinlock_lock(&task->lock);
  319.     list_append(&t->th_link, &task->th_head);
  320.     spinlock_unlock(&task->lock);
  321.    
  322.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  323.    
  324.     return t;
  325. }
  326.  
  327.  
  328. /** Make thread exiting
  329.  *
  330.  * End current thread execution and switch it to the exiting
  331.  * state. All pending timeouts are executed.
  332.  *
  333.  */
  334. void thread_exit(void)
  335. {
  336.     ipl_t ipl;
  337.  
  338. restart:
  339.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  340.     spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
  341.     if (THREAD->timeout_pending) { /* busy waiting for timeouts in progress */
  342.         spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  343.         interrupts_restore(ipl);
  344.         goto restart;
  345.     }
  346.     THREAD->state = Exiting;
  347.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  348.     scheduler();
  349. }
  350.  
  351.  
  352. /** Thread sleep
  353.  *
  354.  * Suspend execution of the current thread.
  355.  *
  356.  * @param sec Number of seconds to sleep.
  357.  *
  358.  */
  359. void thread_sleep(__u32 sec)
  360. {
  361.     thread_usleep(sec*1000000);
  362. }
  363.  
  364.  
  365. /** Thread usleep
  366.  *
  367.  * Suspend execution of the current thread.
  368.  *
  369.  * @param usec Number of microseconds to sleep.
  370.  *
  371.  */
  372. void thread_usleep(__u32 usec)
  373. {
  374.     waitq_t wq;
  375.                  
  376.     waitq_initialize(&wq);
  377.  
  378.     (void) waitq_sleep_timeout(&wq, usec, SYNCH_NON_BLOCKING);
  379. }
  380.  
  381.  
  382. /** Register thread out-of-context invocation
  383.  *
  384.  * Register a function and its argument to be executed
  385.  * on next context switch to the current thread.
  386.  *
  387.  * @param call_me      Out-of-context function.
  388.  * @param call_me_with Out-of-context function argument.
  389.  *
  390.  */
  391. void thread_register_call_me(void (* call_me)(void *), void *call_me_with)
  392. {
  393.     ipl_t ipl;
  394.    
  395.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  396.     spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
  397.     THREAD->call_me = call_me;
  398.     THREAD->call_me_with = call_me_with;
  399.     spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
  400.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  401. }
  402.  
  403. /** Print list of threads debug info */
  404. void thread_print_list(void)
  405. {
  406.     link_t *cur;
  407.     thread_t *t;
  408.     ipl_t ipl;
  409.    
  410.     /* Messing with thread structures, avoid deadlock */
  411.     ipl = interrupts_disable();
  412.     spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
  413.  
  414.     for (cur=threads_head.next; cur!=&threads_head; cur=cur->next) {
  415.         t = list_get_instance(cur, thread_t, threads_link);
  416.         printf("%s: address=%P, tid=%d, state=%s, task=%P, code=%P, stack=%P, cpu=",
  417.             t->name, t, t->tid, thread_states[t->state], t->task, t->thread_code, t->kstack);
  418.         if (t->cpu)
  419.             printf("cpu%d ", t->cpu->id);
  420.         else
  421.             printf("none");
  422.         printf("\n");
  423.     }
  424.  
  425.     spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
  426.     interrupts_restore(ipl);
  427. }
  428.  
  429. /** Process syscall to create new thread.
  430.  *
  431.  */
  432. __native sys_thread_create(__address function, void *arg, void *stack, char *name)
  433. {
  434.         thread_t *t;
  435.         char namebuf[THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN];
  436.     uspace_arg_t *uarg;
  437.     __u32 tid;
  438.  
  439.         copy_from_uspace(namebuf, name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
  440.     uarg = (uspace_arg_t *) malloc(sizeof(uarg), 0);
  441.    
  442.     uarg->uspace_entry = function;
  443.     uarg->uspace_stack = (__address) stack;
  444.  
  445.         if ((t = thread_create(uinit, uarg, TASK, 0, namebuf))) {
  446.         tid = t->tid;
  447.                 thread_ready(t);
  448.         return (__native) tid;
  449.         } else {
  450.                 free(namebuf);
  451.         }
  452.  
  453.         return (__native) -1;
  454. }
  455.  
  456. /** Process syscall to terminate thread.
  457.  *
  458.  */
  459. __native sys_thread_exit(int status)
  460. {
  461.         thread_exit();
  462.         /* Unreachable */
  463.         return 0;
  464. }
  465.