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  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
  3.  * All rights reserved.
  4.  *
  5.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  7.  * are met:
  8.  *
  9.  * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11.  * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  15.  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  16.  *
  17.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  18.  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  19.  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  20.  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  21.  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  22.  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  23.  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  24.  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  25.  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  26.  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  27.  */
  28.  
  29. /**
  30.  * @file    main.c
  31.  * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
  32.  *
  33.  * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
  34.  * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
  35.  * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
  36.  *
  37.  * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
  38.  * the application processors start executing main_ap().
  39.  *
  40.  * @see scheduler()
  41.  * @see main_bsp()
  42.  * @see main_ap()
  43.  */
  44.  
  45. #include <arch/asm.h>
  46. #include <context.h>
  47. #include <print.h>
  48. #include <panic.h>
  49. #include <debug.h>
  50. #include <config.h>
  51. #include <time/clock.h>
  52. #include <proc/scheduler.h>
  53. #include <proc/thread.h>
  54. #include <proc/task.h>
  55. #include <main/kinit.h>
  56. #include <main/version.h>
  57. #include <console/kconsole.h>
  58. #include <cpu.h>
  59. #include <align.h>
  60. #include <interrupt.h>
  61. #include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>
  62. #include <mm/frame.h>
  63. #include <mm/page.h>
  64. #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
  65. #include <mm/tlb.h>
  66. #include <mm/as.h>
  67. #include <mm/slab.h>
  68. #include <synch/waitq.h>
  69. #include <synch/futex.h>
  70. #include <arch/arch.h>
  71. #include <arch.h>
  72. #include <arch/faddr.h>
  73. #include <typedefs.h>
  74. #include <ipc/ipc.h>
  75. #include <macros.h>
  76. #include <adt/btree.h>
  77.  
  78. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  79. #include <arch/smp/apic.h>
  80. #include <arch/smp/mps.h>
  81. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  82. #include <smp/smp.h>
  83.  
  84. /** Global configuration structure. */
  85. config_t config = {
  86.     .mm_initialized = false
  87. };
  88.  
  89. /** Initial user-space tasks */
  90. init_t init = {
  91.     0
  92. };
  93.  
  94. context_t ctx;
  95.  
  96. /**
  97.  * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by
  98.  * the linker or the low level assembler code with
  99.  * appropriate sizes and addresses.
  100.  */
  101. __address hardcoded_load_address = 0;
  102. size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;
  103. size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;
  104.  
  105. void main_bsp(void);
  106. void main_ap(void);
  107.  
  108. /*
  109.  * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
  110.  * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
  111.  * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
  112.  * pop sequence otherwise.
  113.  */
  114. static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
  115. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  116. static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
  117. #endif
  118.  
  119. #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)
  120.  
  121. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
  122.  *
  123.  * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.
  124.  * This function passes control directly to
  125.  * main_bsp_separated_stack().
  126.  *
  127.  * Assuming interrupts_disable().
  128.  *
  129.  */
  130. void main_bsp(void)
  131. {
  132.     __address stackaddr;
  133.  
  134.     config.cpu_count = 1;
  135.     config.cpu_active = 1;
  136.    
  137.     config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
  138.     config.memory_size = get_memory_size();
  139.    
  140.     config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
  141.     stackaddr = config.base + config.kernel_size;
  142.    
  143.     /* Avoid placing kernel on top of init */
  144.     count_t i;
  145.     bool overlap = false;
  146.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  147.         if (PA_overlaps(stackaddr, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size)) {
  148.             stackaddr = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE);
  149.             init.tasks[i].size = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE) + CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  150.             overlap = true;
  151.         }
  152.    
  153.     if (!overlap)
  154.         config.kernel_size += CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
  155.    
  156.     context_save(&ctx);
  157.     context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), stackaddr, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
  158.     context_restore(&ctx);
  159.     /* not reached */
  160. }
  161.  
  162.  
  163. /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
  164.  *
  165.  * Second part of main_bsp().
  166.  *
  167.  */
  168. void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
  169. {
  170.     task_t *k;
  171.     thread_t *t;
  172.     count_t i;
  173.    
  174.     the_initialize(THE);
  175.  
  176.     /*
  177.      * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
  178.      * because other subsystems will register their respective
  179.      * commands.
  180.      */
  181.     kconsole_init();
  182.    
  183.     /*
  184.      * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
  185.      * starts adding its own handlers
  186.      */
  187.     exc_init();
  188.  
  189.     /*
  190.      * Memory management subsystems initialization.
  191.      */
  192.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  193.     frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */
  194.     slab_cache_init();
  195.     btree_init();
  196.     as_init();
  197.     page_init();
  198.     tlb_init();
  199.     config.mm_initialized = true;
  200.     arch_post_mm_init();   
  201.  
  202.     version_print();
  203.     printf("%.*p: hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(__address) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);
  204.  
  205.     arch_pre_smp_init();
  206.     smp_init();
  207.    
  208.     slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */
  209.  
  210.     printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);
  211.     printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);
  212.     cpu_init();
  213.    
  214.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  215.     timeout_init();
  216.     scheduler_init();
  217.     task_init();
  218.     thread_init();
  219.     futex_init();
  220.    
  221.     for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
  222.         printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(__address) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
  223.    
  224.     ipc_init();
  225.  
  226.     /*
  227.      * Create kernel task.
  228.      */
  229.     k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");
  230.     if (!k)
  231.         panic("can't create kernel task\n");
  232.    
  233.     /*
  234.      * Create the first thread.
  235.      */
  236.     t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");
  237.     if (!t)
  238.         panic("can't create kinit thread\n");
  239.     thread_ready(t);
  240.    
  241.     /*
  242.      * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
  243.      * starting the thread of kernel threads.
  244.      */
  245.     scheduler();
  246.     /* not reached */
  247. }
  248.  
  249.  
  250. #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  251. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
  252.  *
  253.  * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
  254.  * is at ctx.sp which was set during BP boot.
  255.  * This function passes control directly to
  256.  * main_ap_separated_stack().
  257.  *
  258.  * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
  259.  *
  260.  */
  261. void main_ap(void)
  262. {
  263.     /*
  264.      * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
  265.      * pm_init() will not attempt to build GDT and IDT tables again.
  266.      * Neither frame_init() will do the complete thing. Neither cpu_init()
  267.      * will do.
  268.      */
  269.     config.cpu_active++;
  270.  
  271.     /*
  272.      * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
  273.      */
  274.     the_initialize(THE);
  275.    
  276.     arch_pre_mm_init();
  277.     frame_init();
  278.     page_init();
  279.     tlb_init();
  280.     arch_post_mm_init();
  281.    
  282.     cpu_init();
  283.    
  284.     calibrate_delay_loop();
  285.  
  286.     l_apic_init();
  287.     l_apic_debug();
  288.  
  289.     the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
  290.  
  291.     /*
  292.      * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
  293.      * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
  294.      * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
  295.      */
  296.     context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (__address) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
  297.     context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
  298.     /* not reached */
  299. }
  300.  
  301.  
  302. /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
  303.  *
  304.  * Second part of main_ap().
  305.  *
  306.  */
  307. void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
  308. {
  309.     /*
  310.      * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
  311.      */
  312.     timeout_init();
  313.  
  314.     waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
  315.     scheduler();
  316.     /* not reached */
  317. }
  318. #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
  319.