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#
# Copyright (c) 2005 Ondrej Palkovsky
# Copyright (c) 2006 Martin Decky
# Copyright (c) 2008 Jakub Jermar
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
#
# - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
#   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
#   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
# OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
# NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
# THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#

#include <arch/boot/boot.h>
#include <arch/boot/memmap.h>
#include <arch/mm/page.h>   
#include <arch/mm/ptl.h>
#include <arch/pm.h>
#include <arch/cpu.h>
#include <arch/cpuid.h>

#define START_STACK (BOOT_OFFSET - BOOT_STACK_SIZE)

.section K_TEXT_START, "ax"

.code32
.align 4
.global multiboot_image_start
multiboot_header:
    .long MULTIBOOT_HEADER_MAGIC
    .long MULTIBOOT_HEADER_FLAGS
    .long -(MULTIBOOT_HEADER_MAGIC + MULTIBOOT_HEADER_FLAGS)  # checksum
    .long multiboot_header
    .long unmapped_ktext_start
    .long 0
    .long 0
    .long multiboot_image_start

multiboot_image_start:
    cld
    movl $START_STACK, %esp             # initialize stack pointer
    lgdtl bootstrap_gdtr                # initialize Global Descriptor Table register
    
    movw $gdtselector(KDATA_DES), %cx
    movw %cx, %es
    movw %cx, %ds                       # kernel data + stack
    movw %cx, %ss
    
    #
    # Simics seems to remove hidden part of GS on entering user mode
    # when _visible_ part of GS does not point to user-mode segment.
    #
    
    movw $gdtselector(UDATA_DES), %cx
    movw %cx, %fs
    movw %cx, %gs
    
    jmpl $gdtselector(KTEXT32_DES), $multiboot_meeting_point
    multiboot_meeting_point:
    
    movl %eax, grub_eax                 # save parameters from GRUB
    movl %ebx, grub_ebx
    
    #
    # Protected 32-bit. We want to reuse the code-seg descriptor,
    # the Default operand size must not be 1 when entering long mode.
    #
    
    movl $(INTEL_CPUID_EXTENDED), %eax
    cpuid
    cmp $(INTEL_CPUID_EXTENDED), %eax
    ja extended_cpuid_supported
    
        movl $extended_cpuid_msg, %esi
        jmp error_halt
    
    extended_cpuid_supported:
    
    movl $(AMD_CPUID_EXTENDED), %eax
    cpuid
    bt $(AMD_EXT_LONG_MODE), %edx
    jc long_mode_supported
    
        movl $long_mode_msg, %esi
        jmp error_halt
    
    long_mode_supported:
    
    bt $(AMD_EXT_NOEXECUTE), %edx
    jc noexecute_supported
    
        movl $noexecute_msg, %esi
        jmp error_halt
    
    noexecute_supported:
    
    movl $(INTEL_CPUID_STANDARD), %eax
    cpuid
    bt $(INTEL_FXSAVE), %edx
    jc fx_supported
    
        movl $fx_msg, %esi
        jmp error_halt
    
    fx_supported:
    
    bt $(INTEL_SSE2), %edx
    jc sse2_supported
    
        movl $sse2_msg, %esi
        jmp error_halt
    
    sse2_supported:

#include "vesa_prot.inc"

    #
    # Enable 64-bit page translation entries - CR4.PAE = 1.
    # Paging is not enabled until after long mode is enabled.
    #
    
    movl %cr4, %eax
    btsl $5, %eax
    movl %eax, %cr4
    
    # set up paging tables
    
    leal ptl_0, %eax
    movl %eax, %cr3
    
    # enable long mode
    
    movl $EFER_MSR_NUM, %ecx            # EFER MSR number
    rdmsr                               # read EFER
    btsl $AMD_LME_FLAG, %eax            # set LME = 1
    wrmsr                               # write EFER
    
    # enable paging to activate long mode (set CR0.PG = 1)
    
    movl %cr0, %eax
    btsl $31, %eax
    movl %eax, %cr0
    
    # at this point we are in compatibility mode
    
    jmpl $gdtselector(KTEXT_DES), $start64

.code64
start64:
    movq $(PA2KA(START_STACK)), %rsp
    
    # call arch_pre_main(grub_eax, grub_ebx)
    xorq %rdi, %rdi
    movl grub_eax, %edi
    xorq %rsi, %rsi
    movl grub_ebx, %esi
    call arch_pre_main
    
    call main_bsp
    
    # not reached
    
    cli
    hlt0:
        hlt
        jmp hlt0

# Print string from %esi to EGA display (in red) and halt
error_halt:
    movl $0xb8000, %edi       # base of EGA text mode memory
    xorl %eax, %eax
    
    movw $0x3d4, %dx          # read bits 8 - 15 of the cursor address
    movb $0xe, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    movw $0x3d5, %dx
    inb %dx, %al
    shl $8, %ax
    
    movw $0x3d4, %dx          # read bits 0 - 7 of the cursor address
    movb $0xf, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    movw $0x3d5, %dx
    inb %dx, %al
    
    cmp $1920, %ax
    jbe cursor_ok
    
        movw $1920, %ax       # sanity check for the cursor on the last line
    
    cursor_ok:
    
    movw %ax, %bx
    shl $1, %eax
    addl %eax, %edi
    
    movw $0x0c00, %ax         # black background, light red foreground
    
    ploop:
        lodsb
        cmp $0, %al
        je ploop_end
        stosw
        inc %bx
        jmp ploop
    ploop_end:
    
    movw $0x3d4, %dx          # write bits 8 - 15 of the cursor address
    movb $0xe, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    movw $0x3d5, %dx
    movb %bh, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    movw $0x3d4, %dx          # write bits 0 - 7 of the cursor address
    movb $0xf, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    movw $0x3d5, %dx
    movb %bl, %al
    outb %al, %dx
    
    cli
    hlt1:
        hlt
        jmp hlt1

#include "vesa_real.inc"

.section K_INI_PTLS, "aw", @progbits

#
# Macro for generating initial page table contents.
# @param cnt Number of entries to generat. Must be multiple of 8.
# @param g   Number of GB that will be added to the mapping.
#
.macro ptl2gen cnt g 
.if \cnt
    ptl2gen "\cnt - 8" \g 
    .quad ((\cnt - 8) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 7) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 6) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 5) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 4) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 3) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 2) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
    .quad ((\cnt - 1) * 0x200000) + (\g * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) | (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT | PTL_2MB_PAGE)
.endif
.endm

# Page table for pages in the first gigabyte.
.align 4096
.global ptl_2_0g
ptl_2_0g:   
    ptl2gen 512 0

# Page table for pages in the second gigabyte.
.align 4096
.global ptl_2_1g
ptl_2_1g:
    ptl2gen 512 1

# Page table for pages in the third gigabyte.
.align 4096
.global ptl_2_2g
ptl_2_2g:
    ptl2gen 512 2

# Page table for pages in the fourth gigabyte.
.align 4096
.global ptl_2_3g
ptl_2_3g:
    ptl2gen 512 3

.align 4096
.global ptl_1
ptl_1:
    # Identity mapping for [0; 4G)
    .quad ptl_2_0g + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .quad ptl_2_1g + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT) 
    .quad ptl_2_2g + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .quad ptl_2_3g + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .fill 506, 8, 0
    # Mapping of [0; 1G) at -2G
    .quad ptl_2_0g + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .fill 1, 8, 0

.align 4096
.global ptl_0
ptl_0:
    .quad ptl_1 + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .fill 255,8,0
    .quad ptl_1 + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)
    .fill 254,8,0
    .quad ptl_1 + (PTL_WRITABLE | PTL_PRESENT)

.section K_DATA_START, "aw", @progbits

.global bootstrap_gdtr
bootstrap_gdtr:
    .word gdtselector(GDT_ITEMS)
    .long KA2PA(gdt)

grub_eax:
    .long 0

grub_ebx:
    .long 0

extended_cpuid_msg:
    .asciz "Extended CPUID not supported. System halted."
long_mode_msg:
    .asciz "64 bit long mode not supported. System halted."
noexecute_msg:
    .asciz "No-execute pages not supported. System halted."
fx_msg:
    .asciz "FXSAVE/FXRESTORE instructions not supported. System halted."
sse2_msg:
    .asciz "SSE2 instructions not supported. System halted."