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1
/*
1
/*
2
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
2
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
3
 * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Ondrej Palkovsky
3
 * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Ondrej Palkovsky
4
 * All rights reserved.
4
 * All rights reserved.
5
 *
5
 *
6
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8
 * are met:
8
 * are met:
9
 *
9
 *
10
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15
 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15
 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
16
 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16
 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17
 *
17
 *
18
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
19
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
20
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
21
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
22
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
23
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
24
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
25
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
26
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
27
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28
 */
28
 */
29
 
29
 
30
/** @addtogroup amd64  
30
/** @addtogroup amd64  
31
 * @{
31
 * @{
32
 */
32
 */
33
/** @file
33
/** @file
34
 */
34
 */
35
 
35
 
-
 
36
#include <arch.h>
36
#include <arch/pm.h>
37
#include <arch/pm.h>
37
#include <arch/asm.h>
38
#include <arch/asm.h>
38
#include <mm/as.h>
39
#include <mm/as.h>
39
#include <mm/frame.h>
40
#include <mm/frame.h>
40
#include <memstr.h>
41
#include <memstr.h>
41
#include <mm/slab.h>
42
#include <mm/slab.h>
42
 
43
 
43
/*
44
/*
44
 * There is no segmentation in long mode so we set up flat mode. In this
45
 * There is no segmentation in long mode so we set up flat mode. In this
45
 * mode, we use, for each privilege level, two segments spanning the
46
 * mode, we use, for each privilege level, two segments spanning the
46
 * whole memory. One is for code and one is for data.
47
 * whole memory. One is for code and one is for data.
47
 */
48
 */
48
 
49
 
49
descriptor_t gdt[GDT_ITEMS] = {
50
descriptor_t gdt[GDT_ITEMS] = {
50
    /* NULL descriptor */
51
    /* NULL descriptor */
51
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
52
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
52
    /* KTEXT descriptor */
53
    /* KTEXT descriptor */
53
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
54
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
54
      .base_0_15   = 0,
55
      .base_0_15   = 0,
55
      .base_16_23  = 0,
56
      .base_16_23  = 0,
56
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL | AR_READABLE ,
57
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL | AR_READABLE ,
57
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
58
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
58
      .available   = 0,
59
      .available   = 0,
59
      .longmode    = 1,
60
      .longmode    = 1,
60
      .special     = 0,
61
      .special     = 0,
61
      .granularity = 1,
62
      .granularity = 1,
62
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
63
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
63
    /* KDATA descriptor */
64
    /* KDATA descriptor */
64
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
65
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
65
      .base_0_15   = 0,
66
      .base_0_15   = 0,
66
      .base_16_23  = 0,
67
      .base_16_23  = 0,
67
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_DATA | AR_WRITABLE | DPL_KERNEL,
68
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_DATA | AR_WRITABLE | DPL_KERNEL,
68
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
69
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
69
      .available   = 0,
70
      .available   = 0,
70
      .longmode    = 0,
71
      .longmode    = 0,
71
      .special     = 0,
72
      .special     = 0,
72
      .granularity = 1,
73
      .granularity = 1,
73
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
74
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
74
    /* UDATA descriptor */
75
    /* UDATA descriptor */
75
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
76
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
76
      .base_0_15   = 0,
77
      .base_0_15   = 0,
77
      .base_16_23  = 0,
78
      .base_16_23  = 0,
78
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_DATA | AR_WRITABLE | DPL_USER,
79
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_DATA | AR_WRITABLE | DPL_USER,
79
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
80
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
80
      .available   = 0,
81
      .available   = 0,
81
      .longmode    = 0,
82
      .longmode    = 0,
82
      .special     = 1,
83
      .special     = 1,
83
      .granularity = 1,
84
      .granularity = 1,
84
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
85
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
85
    /* UTEXT descriptor */
86
    /* UTEXT descriptor */
86
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
87
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
87
      .base_0_15   = 0,
88
      .base_0_15   = 0,
88
      .base_16_23  = 0,
89
      .base_16_23  = 0,
89
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_USER,
90
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_USER,
90
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
91
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
91
      .available   = 0,
92
      .available   = 0,
92
      .longmode    = 1,
93
      .longmode    = 1,
93
      .special     = 0,
94
      .special     = 0,
94
      .granularity = 1,
95
      .granularity = 1,
95
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
96
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
96
    /* KTEXT 32-bit protected, for protected mode before long mode */
97
    /* KTEXT 32-bit protected, for protected mode before long mode */
97
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
98
    { .limit_0_15  = 0xffff,
98
      .base_0_15   = 0,
99
      .base_0_15   = 0,
99
      .base_16_23  = 0,
100
      .base_16_23  = 0,
100
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL | AR_READABLE,
101
      .access      = AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL | AR_READABLE,
101
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
102
      .limit_16_19 = 0xf,
102
      .available   = 0,
103
      .available   = 0,
103
      .longmode    = 0,
104
      .longmode    = 0,
104
      .special     = 1,
105
      .special     = 1,
105
      .granularity = 1,
106
      .granularity = 1,
106
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
107
      .base_24_31  = 0 },
107
    /* TSS descriptor - set up will be completed later,
108
    /* TSS descriptor - set up will be completed later,
108
     * on AMD64 it is 64-bit - 2 items in table */
109
     * on AMD64 it is 64-bit - 2 items in table */
109
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
110
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
110
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
111
    { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
111
    /* VESA Init descriptor */
112
    /* VESA Init descriptor */
112
#ifdef CONFIG_FB    
113
#ifdef CONFIG_FB    
113
    { 0xffff, 0, VESA_INIT_SEGMENT>>12, AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL, 0xf, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
114
    { 0xffff, 0, VESA_INIT_SEGMENT>>12, AR_PRESENT | AR_CODE | DPL_KERNEL, 0xf, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
114
#endif
115
#endif
115
};
116
};
116
 
117
 
117
idescriptor_t idt[IDT_ITEMS];
118
idescriptor_t idt[IDT_ITEMS];
118
 
119
 
119
ptr_16_64_t gdtr = {.limit = sizeof(gdt), .base= (uint64_t) gdt };
120
ptr_16_64_t gdtr = {.limit = sizeof(gdt), .base= (uint64_t) gdt };
120
ptr_16_64_t idtr = {.limit = sizeof(idt), .base= (uint64_t) idt };
121
ptr_16_64_t idtr = {.limit = sizeof(idt), .base= (uint64_t) idt };
121
 
122
 
122
static tss_t tss;
123
static tss_t tss;
123
tss_t *tss_p = NULL;
124
tss_t *tss_p = NULL;
124
 
125
 
125
void gdt_tss_setbase(descriptor_t *d, uintptr_t base)
126
void gdt_tss_setbase(descriptor_t *d, uintptr_t base)
126
{
127
{
127
    tss_descriptor_t *td = (tss_descriptor_t *) d;
128
    tss_descriptor_t *td = (tss_descriptor_t *) d;
128
 
129
 
129
    td->base_0_15 = base & 0xffff;
130
    td->base_0_15 = base & 0xffff;
130
    td->base_16_23 = ((base) >> 16) & 0xff;
131
    td->base_16_23 = ((base) >> 16) & 0xff;
131
    td->base_24_31 = ((base) >> 24) & 0xff;
132
    td->base_24_31 = ((base) >> 24) & 0xff;
132
    td->base_32_63 = ((base) >> 32);
133
    td->base_32_63 = ((base) >> 32);
133
}
134
}
134
 
135
 
135
void gdt_tss_setlimit(descriptor_t *d, uint32_t limit)
136
void gdt_tss_setlimit(descriptor_t *d, uint32_t limit)
136
{
137
{
137
    struct tss_descriptor *td = (tss_descriptor_t *) d;
138
    struct tss_descriptor *td = (tss_descriptor_t *) d;
138
 
139
 
139
    td->limit_0_15 = limit & 0xffff;
140
    td->limit_0_15 = limit & 0xffff;
140
    td->limit_16_19 = (limit >> 16) & 0xf;
141
    td->limit_16_19 = (limit >> 16) & 0xf;
141
}
142
}
142
 
143
 
143
void idt_setoffset(idescriptor_t *d, uintptr_t offset)
144
void idt_setoffset(idescriptor_t *d, uintptr_t offset)
144
{
145
{
145
    /*
146
    /*
146
     * Offset is a linear address.
147
     * Offset is a linear address.
147
     */
148
     */
148
    d->offset_0_15 = offset & 0xffff;
149
    d->offset_0_15 = offset & 0xffff;
149
    d->offset_16_31 = offset >> 16 & 0xffff;
150
    d->offset_16_31 = offset >> 16 & 0xffff;
150
    d->offset_32_63 = offset >> 32;
151
    d->offset_32_63 = offset >> 32;
151
}
152
}
152
 
153
 
153
void tss_initialize(tss_t *t)
154
void tss_initialize(tss_t *t)
154
{
155
{
155
    memsetb((uintptr_t) t, sizeof(tss_t), 0);
156
    memsetb((uintptr_t) t, sizeof(tss_t), 0);
156
}
157
}
157
 
158
 
158
/*
159
/*
159
 * This function takes care of proper setup of IDT and IDTR.
160
 * This function takes care of proper setup of IDT and IDTR.
160
 */
161
 */
161
void idt_init(void)
162
void idt_init(void)
162
{
163
{
163
    idescriptor_t *d;
164
    idescriptor_t *d;
164
    int i;
165
    int i;
165
 
166
 
166
    for (i = 0; i < IDT_ITEMS; i++) {
167
    for (i = 0; i < IDT_ITEMS; i++) {
167
        d = &idt[i];
168
        d = &idt[i];
168
 
169
 
169
        d->unused = 0;
170
        d->unused = 0;
170
        d->selector = gdtselector(KTEXT_DES);
171
        d->selector = gdtselector(KTEXT_DES);
171
 
172
 
172
        d->present = 1;
173
        d->present = 1;
173
        d->type = AR_INTERRUPT; /* masking interrupt */
174
        d->type = AR_INTERRUPT; /* masking interrupt */
174
 
175
 
175
        idt_setoffset(d, ((uintptr_t) interrupt_handlers) + i*interrupt_handler_size);
176
        idt_setoffset(d, ((uintptr_t) interrupt_handlers) + i*interrupt_handler_size);
176
    }
177
    }
177
}
178
}
178
 
179
 
179
/** Initialize segmentation - code/data/idt tables
180
/** Initialize segmentation - code/data/idt tables
180
 *
181
 *
181
 */
182
 */
182
void pm_init(void)
183
void pm_init(void)
183
{
184
{
184
    descriptor_t *gdt_p = (struct descriptor *) gdtr.base;
185
    descriptor_t *gdt_p = (struct descriptor *) gdtr.base;
185
    tss_descriptor_t *tss_desc;
186
    tss_descriptor_t *tss_desc;
186
 
187
 
187
    /*
188
    /*
188
     * Each CPU has its private GDT and TSS.
189
     * Each CPU has its private GDT and TSS.
189
     * All CPUs share one IDT.
190
     * All CPUs share one IDT.
190
     */
191
     */
191
 
192
 
192
    if (config.cpu_active == 1) {
193
    if (config.cpu_active == 1) {
193
        idt_init();
194
        idt_init();
194
        /*
195
        /*
195
         * NOTE: bootstrap CPU has statically allocated TSS, because
196
         * NOTE: bootstrap CPU has statically allocated TSS, because
196
         * the heap hasn't been initialized so far.
197
         * the heap hasn't been initialized so far.
197
         */
198
         */
198
        tss_p = &tss;
199
        tss_p = &tss;
199
    }
200
    }
200
    else {
201
    else {
201
        /* We are going to use malloc, which may return
202
        /* We are going to use malloc, which may return
202
         * non boot-mapped pointer, initialize the CR3 register
203
         * non boot-mapped pointer, initialize the CR3 register
203
         * ahead of page_init */
204
         * ahead of page_init */
204
        write_cr3((uintptr_t) AS_KERNEL->genarch.page_table);
205
        write_cr3((uintptr_t) AS_KERNEL->genarch.page_table);
205
 
206
 
206
        tss_p = (struct tss *) malloc(sizeof(tss_t), FRAME_ATOMIC);
207
        tss_p = (struct tss *) malloc(sizeof(tss_t), FRAME_ATOMIC);
207
        if (!tss_p)
208
        if (!tss_p)
208
            panic("could not allocate TSS\n");
209
            panic("could not allocate TSS\n");
209
    }
210
    }
210
 
211
 
211
    tss_initialize(tss_p);
212
    tss_initialize(tss_p);
212
 
213
 
213
    tss_desc = (tss_descriptor_t *) (&gdt_p[TSS_DES]);
214
    tss_desc = (tss_descriptor_t *) (&gdt_p[TSS_DES]);
214
    tss_desc->present = 1;
215
    tss_desc->present = 1;
215
    tss_desc->type = AR_TSS;
216
    tss_desc->type = AR_TSS;
216
    tss_desc->dpl = PL_KERNEL;
217
    tss_desc->dpl = PL_KERNEL;
217
   
218
   
218
    gdt_tss_setbase(&gdt_p[TSS_DES], (uintptr_t) tss_p);
219
    gdt_tss_setbase(&gdt_p[TSS_DES], (uintptr_t) tss_p);
219
    gdt_tss_setlimit(&gdt_p[TSS_DES], TSS_BASIC_SIZE - 1);
220
    gdt_tss_setlimit(&gdt_p[TSS_DES], TSS_BASIC_SIZE - 1);
220
 
221
 
221
    gdtr_load(&gdtr);
222
    gdtr_load(&gdtr);
222
    idtr_load(&idtr);
223
    idtr_load(&idtr);
223
    /*
224
    /*
224
     * As of this moment, the current CPU has its own GDT pointing
225
     * As of this moment, the current CPU has its own GDT pointing
225
     * to its own TSS. We just need to load the TR register.
226
     * to its own TSS. We just need to load the TR register.
226
     */
227
     */
227
    tr_load(gdtselector(TSS_DES));
228
    tr_load(gdtselector(TSS_DES));
228
}
229
}
-
 
230
 
-
 
231
/* Reboot the machine by initiating
-
 
232
 * a triple fault
-
 
233
 */
-
 
234
void arch_reboot(void)
-
 
235
{
-
 
236
    preemption_disable();
-
 
237
    ipl_t ipl = interrupts_disable();
-
 
238
   
-
 
239
    memsetb((uintptr_t) idt, sizeof(idt), 0);
-
 
240
    idtr_load(&idtr);
-
 
241
   
-
 
242
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
-
 
243
    asm volatile (
-
 
244
        "int $0x03\n"
-
 
245
        "cli\n"
-
 
246
        "hlt\n"
-
 
247
    );
-
 
248
}
229
 
249
 
230
/** @}
250
/** @}
231
 */
251
 */
232
 
252