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/*

 * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar

 * All rights reserved.

 *

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

 * are met:

 *

 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products

 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

 *

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR

 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.

 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,

 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT

 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF

 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 */

/**

 * @file    main.c

 * @brief   Main initialization kernel function for all processors.

 *

 * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent

 * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After

 * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().

 *

 * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while

 * the application processors start executing main_ap().

 *

 * @see scheduler()

 * @see main_bsp()

 * @see main_ap()

 */

#include <arch/asm.h>

#include <context.h>

#include <print.h>

#include <panic.h>

#include <debug.h>

#include <config.h>

#include <time/clock.h>

#include <proc/scheduler.h>

#include <proc/thread.h>

#include <proc/task.h>

#include <main/kinit.h>

#include <main/version.h>

#include <console/kconsole.h>

#include <cpu.h>

#include <align.h>

#include <interrupt.h>

#include <arch/mm/memory_init.h>

#include <mm/frame.h>

#include <mm/page.h>

#include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>

#include <mm/tlb.h>

#include <mm/as.h>

#include <mm/slab.h>

#include <synch/waitq.h>

#include <synch/futex.h>

#include <arch/arch.h>

#include <arch.h>

#include <arch/faddr.h>

#include <typedefs.h>

#include <ipc/ipc.h>

#include <macros.h>

#include <adt/btree.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

#include <arch/smp/apic.h>

#include <arch/smp/mps.h>

#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */

#include <smp/smp.h>

/** Global configuration structure. */

config_t config = {

    .mm_initialized = false

};

/** Initial user-space tasks */

init_t init = {

};

context_t ctx;

/**

 * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by

 * the linker or the low level assembler code with

 * appropriate sizes and addresses.

 */

__address hardcoded_load_address = 0;

size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;

size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;

void main_bsp(void);

void main_ap(void);

/*

 * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the

 * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved

 * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated

 * pop sequence otherwise.

 */

static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);

#endif

#define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE   ((1<<STACK_FRAMES)*STACK_SIZE)

/** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.

 *

 * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.

 * This function passes control directly to

 * main_bsp_separated_stack().

 *

 * Assuming interrupts_disable().

 *

 */

void main_bsp(void)

{

    __address stackaddr;

    config.cpu_count = 1;

    config.cpu_active = 1;

    config.base = hardcoded_load_address;

    config.memory_size = get_memory_size();

    config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size + hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);

    stackaddr = config.base + config.kernel_size;

    /* Avoid placing kernel on top of init */

    count_t i;

    bool overlap = false;

    for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)

        if (PA_overlaps(stackaddr, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE, init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size)) {

            stackaddr = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr + init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE);

            init.tasks[i].size = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].size, CONFIG_STACK_SIZE) + CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;

            overlap = true;

        }

    if (!overlap)

        config.kernel_size += CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;

    context_save(&ctx);

    context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), stackaddr, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);

    context_restore(&ctx);

    /* not reached */

}

/** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.

 *

 * Second part of main_bsp().

 *

 */

void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)

{

    task_t *k;

    thread_t *t;

    count_t i;

    the_initialize(THE);

    /*

     * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early

     * because other subsystems will register their respective

     * commands.

     */

    kconsole_init();

    /*

     * Exception handler initialization, before architecture

     * starts adding its own handlers

     */

    exc_init();

    /*

     * Memory management subsystems initialization.

     */

    arch_pre_mm_init();

    frame_init();       /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work */

    slab_cache_init();

    btree_init();

    as_init();

    page_init();

    tlb_init();

    config.mm_initialized = true;

    arch_post_mm_init();   

    version_print();

    printf("%.*p: hardcoded_ktext_size=%zdK, hardcoded_kdata_size=%zdK\n", sizeof(__address) * 2, config.base, hardcoded_ktext_size >> 10, hardcoded_kdata_size >> 10);

    arch_pre_smp_init();

    smp_init();

    slab_enable_cpucache(); /* Slab must be initialized AFTER we know the number of processors */

    printf("config.memory_size=%zdM\n", config.memory_size >> 20);

    printf("config.cpu_count=%zd\n", config.cpu_count);

    cpu_init();

    calibrate_delay_loop();

    timeout_init();

    scheduler_init();

    task_init();

    thread_init();

    futex_init();

    for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)

        printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i, sizeof(__address) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);

    ipc_init();

    /*

     * Create kernel task.

     */

    k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "KERNEL");

    if (!k)

        panic("can't create kernel task\n");

    /*

     * Create the first thread.

     */

    t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit");

    if (!t)

        panic("can't create kinit thread\n");

    thread_ready(t);

    /*

     * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,

     * starting the thread of kernel threads.

     */

    scheduler();

    /* not reached */

}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

/** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.

 *

 * Executed by application processors, temporary stack

 * is at ctx.sp which was set during BP boot.

 * This function passes control directly to

 * main_ap_separated_stack().

 *

 * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.

 *

 */

void main_ap(void)

{

    /*

     * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the

     * pm_init() will not attempt to build GDT and IDT tables again.

     * Neither frame_init() will do the complete thing. Neither cpu_init()

     * will do.

     */

    config.cpu_active++;

    /*

     * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.

     */

    the_initialize(THE);

    arch_pre_mm_init();

    frame_init();

    page_init();

    tlb_init();

    arch_post_mm_init();

    cpu_init();

    calibrate_delay_loop();

    l_apic_init();

    l_apic_debug();

    the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);

    /*

     * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could

     * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we

     * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.

     */

    context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack), (__address) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);

    context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);

    /* not reached */

}

/** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.

 *

 * Second part of main_ap().

 *

 */

void main_ap_separated_stack(void)

{

    /*

     * Configure timeouts for this cpu.

     */

    timeout_init();

    waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);

    scheduler();

    /* not reached */

}

#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */