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/*

 * Copyright (C) 2001-2005 Jakub Jermar

 * Copyright (C) 2005 Sergey Bondari

 * All rights reserved.

 *

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

 * are met:

 *

 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products

 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

 *

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR

 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.

 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,

 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT

 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF

 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 */

#include <typedefs.h>

#include <arch/types.h>

#include <mm/heap.h>

#include <mm/frame.h>

#include <mm/as.h>

#include <panic.h>

#include <debug.h>

#include <adt/list.h>

#include <synch/spinlock.h>

#include <arch/asm.h>

#include <arch.h>

#include <print.h>

#include <align.h>

SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(zone_head_lock);    /**< this lock protects zone_head list */

LIST_INITIALIZE(zone_head);             /**< list of all zones in the system */

/** Blacklist containing non-available areas of memory.

 *

 * This blacklist is used to exclude frames that cannot be allocated

 * (e.g. kernel memory) from available memory map.

 */

region_t zone_blacklist[ZONE_BLACKLIST_SIZE];

count_t zone_blacklist_count = 0;

static struct buddy_system_operations  zone_buddy_system_operations = {

    .find_buddy = zone_buddy_find_buddy,

    .bisect = zone_buddy_bisect,

    .coalesce = zone_buddy_coalesce,

    .set_order = zone_buddy_set_order,

    .get_order = zone_buddy_get_order,

    .mark_busy = zone_buddy_mark_busy,

};

/** Initialize physical memory management

 *

 * Initialize physical memory managemnt.

 */

void frame_init(void)

{

    if (config.cpu_active == 1) {

        frame_region_not_free(KA2PA(config.base), config.kernel_size);

        if (config.init_size > 0)

            frame_region_not_free(KA2PA(config.init_addr), config.init_size);

    }

    frame_arch_init();

}

/**

 * Find AND LOCK zone that can allocate order frames

 *

 * Assume zone_head_lock is locked.

 */

static zone_t * find_free_zone(__u8 order)

{

    link_t *cur;

    zone_t *z;

    for (cur = zone_head.next; cur != &zone_head;cur = cur->next) {

        z = list_get_instance(cur, zone_t, link);

        spinlock_lock(&z->lock);

        /* Check if the zone has 2^order frames area available  */

        if (buddy_system_can_alloc(z->buddy_system, order))

            return z;

        spinlock_unlock(&z->lock);

    }

    return NULL;

}

/** Allocate power-of-two frames of physical memory.

 *

 * @param flags Flags for host zone selection and address processing.

 * @param order Allocate exactly 2^order frames.

 * @param pzone Pointer to preferred zone pointer, on output it changes

 *              to the zone that the frame was really allocated to

 *

 * @return Allocated frame.

 */

__address frame_alloc_generic(__u8 order, int flags, int * status, zone_t **pzone)

{

    ipl_t ipl;

    link_t *tmp;

    zone_t *zone = NULL;

    frame_t *frame = NULL;

    int freed;

    __address v;

loop:

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    /*

     * First, find suitable frame zone.

     */

    if (pzone && *pzone) {

        spinlock_lock(&(*pzone)->lock);

        if (!buddy_system_can_alloc((*pzone)->buddy_system, order))

            spinlock_unlock(&(*pzone)->lock);

        else

            zone = *pzone;

    }

    if (!zone) {

        zone = find_free_zone(order);

        /* If no memory, reclaim some slab memory,

           if it does not help, reclaim all */

        if (!zone && !(flags & FRAME_NO_RECLAIM)) {

            spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

            freed = slab_reclaim(0);

            spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

            if (freed)

                zone = find_free_zone(order);

            if (!zone) {

                spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

                freed = slab_reclaim(SLAB_RECLAIM_ALL);

                spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

                if (freed)

                    zone = find_free_zone(order);

            }

        }

    }

    if (!zone) {

        if (flags & FRAME_PANIC)

            panic("Can't allocate frame.\n");

        /*

         * TODO: Sleep until frames are available again.

         */

        spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

        interrupts_restore(ipl);

        if (flags & FRAME_ATOMIC) {

            ASSERT(status != NULL);

            *status = FRAME_NO_MEMORY;

            return NULL;

        }

        panic("Sleep not implemented.\n");

        goto loop;

    }

    /* Allocate frames from zone buddy system */

    tmp = buddy_system_alloc(zone->buddy_system, order);

    ASSERT(tmp);

    /* Update zone information. */

    zone->free_count -= (1 << order);

    zone->busy_count += (1 << order);

    /* Frame will be actually a first frame of the block. */

    frame = list_get_instance(tmp, frame_t, buddy_link);

    /* get frame address */

    v = FRAME2ADDR(zone, frame);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone->lock);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

    ASSERT(v == ALIGN_UP(v, FRAME_SIZE << order));

    if (flags & FRAME_KA)

        v = PA2KA(v);

    if (status)

        *status = FRAME_OK;

    if (pzone)

        *pzone = zone;

    return v;

}

/** Convert address to zone pointer

 *

 * Assume zone_head_lock is held

 *

 * @param addr Physical address

 * @param lock If true, lock the zone

 */

static zone_t * addr2zone(__address addr, int lock)

{

    link_t *cur;

    zone_t *z = NULL;

    for (cur = zone_head.next; cur != &zone_head; cur = cur->next) {

        z = list_get_instance(cur, zone_t, link);

        spinlock_lock(&z->lock);

        /*

         * Check if addr belongs to z.

         */

        if ((addr >= z->base) && (addr <= z->base + (z->free_count + z->busy_count) * FRAME_SIZE)) {

            if (!lock)

                spinlock_unlock(&z->lock);

            return z;

        }

        spinlock_unlock(&z->lock);

    }

    panic("Cannot find addr2zone: 0x%X", addr);

}

/** Return frame_t structure corresponding to address

 *

 *

 */

frame_t * frame_addr2frame(__address addr)

{

    ipl_t ipl;

    frame_t *frame;

    zone_t *zone;

    if (IS_KA(addr))

        addr = KA2PA(addr);

    /* Disable interrupts to avoid deadlocks with interrupt handlers */

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    zone = addr2zone(addr,0);

    frame = ADDR2FRAME(zone, addr);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

    return frame;

}

/** Free a frame.

 *

 * Find respective frame structrue for supplied addr.

 * Decrement frame reference count.

 * If it drops to zero, move the frame structure to free list.

 *

 * @param addr Address of the frame to be freed. It must be a multiple of FRAME_SIZE.

 */

void frame_free(__address addr)

{

    ipl_t ipl;

    zone_t *zone;

    frame_t *frame;

    int order;

    ASSERT(addr % FRAME_SIZE == 0);

    if (IS_KA(addr))

        addr = KA2PA(addr);

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    /*

     * First, find host frame zone for addr.

     */

    zone = addr2zone(addr, 1); /* This locks the zone automatically */

    frame = ADDR2FRAME(zone, addr);

    /* remember frame order */

    order = frame->buddy_order;

    ASSERT(frame->refcount);

    if (!--frame->refcount) {

        buddy_system_free(zone->buddy_system, &frame->buddy_link);

    }

    /* Update zone information. */

    zone->free_count += (1 << order);

    zone->busy_count -= (1 << order);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone->lock);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

}

/** Mark frame region not free.

 *

 * Mark frame region not free.

 *

 * @param base Base address of non-available region.

 * @param size Size of non-available region.

 */

void frame_region_not_free(__address base, size_t size)

{

    index_t index;

    index = zone_blacklist_count++;

    /* Force base to the nearest lower address frame boundary. */

    base = ALIGN_DOWN(base, FRAME_SIZE);

    /* Align size to frame boundary. */

    size = ALIGN_UP(size, FRAME_SIZE);

    ASSERT(index < ZONE_BLACKLIST_SIZE);

    zone_blacklist[index].base = base;

    zone_blacklist[index].size = size;

}

/** Create frame zones in region of available memory.

 *

 * Avoid any black listed areas of non-available memory.

 * Assume that the black listed areas cannot overlap

 * one another or cross available memory region boundaries.

 *

 * @param base Base address of available memory region.

 * @param size Size of the region.

 */

void zone_create_in_region(__address base, size_t size) {

    int i;

    zone_t * z;

    __address s;

    size_t sz;

    ASSERT(base % FRAME_SIZE == 0);

    ASSERT(size % FRAME_SIZE == 0);

    if (!size)

        return;

    for (i = 0; i < zone_blacklist_count; i++) {

        if (zone_blacklist[i].base >= base && zone_blacklist[i].base < base + size) {

            s = base; sz = zone_blacklist[i].base - base;

            ASSERT(base != s || sz != size);

            zone_create_in_region(s, sz);

            s = zone_blacklist[i].base + zone_blacklist[i].size;

            sz = (base + size) - (zone_blacklist[i].base + zone_blacklist[i].size);

            ASSERT(base != s || sz != size);

            zone_create_in_region(s, sz);

            return;

        }

    }

    z = zone_create(base, size, 0);

    if (!z) {

        panic("Cannot allocate zone (base=%P, size=%d).\n", base, size);

    }

    zone_attach(z);

}

/** Create frame zone

 *

 * Create new frame zone.

 *

 * @param start Physical address of the first frame within the zone.

 * @param size Size of the zone. Must be a multiple of FRAME_SIZE.

 * @param flags Zone flags.

 *

 * @return Initialized zone.

 */

zone_t * zone_create(__address start, size_t size, int flags)

{

    zone_t *z;

    count_t cnt;

    int i;

    __u8 max_order;

    ASSERT(start % FRAME_SIZE == 0);

    ASSERT(size % FRAME_SIZE == 0);

    cnt = size / FRAME_SIZE;

    z = (zone_t *) early_malloc(sizeof(zone_t));

    if (z) {

        link_initialize(&z->link);

        spinlock_initialize(&z->lock, "zone_lock");

        z->base = start;

        z->base_index = start / FRAME_SIZE;

        z->flags = flags;

        z->free_count = cnt;

        z->busy_count = 0;

        z->frames = (frame_t *) early_malloc(cnt * sizeof(frame_t));

        if (!z->frames) {

            early_free(z);

            return NULL;

        }

        for (i = 0; i<cnt; i++) {

            frame_initialize(&z->frames[i], z);

        }

        /*

         * Create buddy system for the zone

         */

        for (max_order = 0; cnt >> max_order; max_order++)

            ;

        z->buddy_system = buddy_system_create(max_order, &zone_buddy_system_operations, (void *) z);

        /* Stuffing frames */

        for (i = 0; i<cnt; i++) {

            z->frames[i].refcount = 0;

            buddy_system_free(z->buddy_system, &z->frames[i].buddy_link);  

        }

    }

    return z;

}

/** Attach frame zone

 *

 * Attach frame zone to zone list.

 *

 * @param zone Zone to be attached.

 */

void zone_attach(zone_t *zone)

{

    ipl_t ipl;

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    list_append(&zone->link, &zone_head);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

}

/** Initialize frame structure

 *

 * Initialize frame structure.

 *

 * @param frame Frame structure to be initialized.

 * @param zone Host frame zone.

 */

void frame_initialize(frame_t *frame, zone_t *zone)

{

    frame->refcount = 1;

    frame->buddy_order = 0;

}

/** Buddy system find_buddy implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system.

 * @param block Block for which buddy should be found

 *

 * @return Buddy for given block if found

 */

link_t * zone_buddy_find_buddy(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block) {

    frame_t * frame;

    zone_t * zone;

    index_t index;

    bool is_left, is_right;

    frame = list_get_instance(block, frame_t, buddy_link);

    zone = (zone_t *) b->data;

    ASSERT(IS_BUDDY_ORDER_OK(FRAME_INDEX_ABS(zone, frame), frame->buddy_order));

    is_left = IS_BUDDY_LEFT_BLOCK_ABS(zone, frame);

    is_right = IS_BUDDY_RIGHT_BLOCK_ABS(zone, frame);

    ASSERT(is_left ^ is_right);

    if (is_left) {

        index = (FRAME_INDEX(zone, frame)) + (1 << frame->buddy_order);

    } else { // if (is_right)

        index = (FRAME_INDEX(zone, frame)) - (1 << frame->buddy_order);

    }

    if (FRAME_INDEX_VALID(zone, index)) {

        if (    zone->frames[index].buddy_order == frame->buddy_order &&

            zone->frames[index].refcount == 0) {

            return &zone->frames[index].buddy_link;

        }

    }

    return NULL;   

}

/** Buddy system bisect implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system.

 * @param block Block to bisect

 *

 * @return right block

 */

link_t * zone_buddy_bisect(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block) {

    frame_t * frame_l, * frame_r;

    frame_l = list_get_instance(block, frame_t, buddy_link);

    frame_r = (frame_l + (1 << (frame_l->buddy_order - 1)));

    return &frame_r->buddy_link;

}

/** Buddy system coalesce implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system.

 * @param block_1 First block

 * @param block_2 First block's buddy

 *

 * @return Coalesced block (actually block that represents lower address)

 */

link_t * zone_buddy_coalesce(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block_1, link_t * block_2) {

    frame_t * frame1, * frame2;

    frame1 = list_get_instance(block_1, frame_t, buddy_link);

    frame2 = list_get_instance(block_2, frame_t, buddy_link);

    return frame1 < frame2 ? block_1 : block_2;

}

/** Buddy system set_order implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system.

 * @param block Buddy system block

 * @param order Order to set

 */

void zone_buddy_set_order(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block, __u8 order) {

    frame_t * frame;

    frame = list_get_instance(block, frame_t, buddy_link);

    frame->buddy_order = order;

}

/** Buddy system get_order implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system.

 * @param block Buddy system block

 *

 * @return Order of block

 */

__u8 zone_buddy_get_order(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block) {

    frame_t * frame;

    frame = list_get_instance(block, frame_t, buddy_link);

    return frame->buddy_order;

}

/** Buddy system mark_busy implementation

 *

 * @param b Buddy system

 * @param block Buddy system block

 *

 */

void zone_buddy_mark_busy(buddy_system_t *b, link_t * block) {

    frame_t * frame;

    frame = list_get_instance(block, frame_t, buddy_link);

    frame->refcount = 1;

}

/** Prints list of zones

 *

 */

void zone_print_list(void) {

    zone_t *zone = NULL;

    link_t *cur;

    ipl_t ipl;

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    printf("Base address\tFree Frames\tBusy Frames\n");

    printf("------------\t-----------\t-----------\n");

    for (cur = zone_head.next; cur != &zone_head; cur = cur->next) {

        zone = list_get_instance(cur, zone_t, link);

        spinlock_lock(&zone->lock);

        printf("%L\t%d\t\t%d\n",zone->base, zone->free_count, zone->busy_count);

        spinlock_unlock(&zone->lock);

    }

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

}

/** Prints zone details

 *

 * @param base Zone base address

 */

void zone_print_one(__address base) {

    zone_t *zone = NULL, *z ;

    link_t *cur;

    ipl_t ipl;

    ipl = interrupts_disable();

    spinlock_lock(&zone_head_lock);

    for (cur = zone_head.next; cur != &zone_head; cur = cur->next) {

        z = list_get_instance(cur, zone_t, link);

        if (base == z->base) {

            zone = z;

            break;

        }

    }

    if (!zone) {

        spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

        interrupts_restore(ipl);

        printf("No zone with address %X\n", base);

        return;

    }

    spinlock_lock(&zone->lock);

    printf("Memory zone information\n\n");

    printf("Zone base address: %P\n", zone->base);

    printf("Zone size: %d frames (%dK)\n", zone->free_count + zone->busy_count, ((zone->free_count + zone->busy_count) * FRAME_SIZE) >> 10);

    printf("Allocated space: %d frames (%dK)\n", zone->busy_count, (zone->busy_count * FRAME_SIZE) >> 10);

    printf("Available space: %d (%dK)\n", zone->free_count, (zone->free_count * FRAME_SIZE) >> 10);

    printf("\nBuddy allocator structures:\n\n");

    buddy_system_structure_print(zone->buddy_system, FRAME_SIZE);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone->lock);

    spinlock_unlock(&zone_head_lock);

    interrupts_restore(ipl);

}