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/*

 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar

 * All rights reserved.

 *

 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

 * are met:

 *

 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products

 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

 *

 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR

 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.

 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,

 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT

 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF

 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 */

/** @addtogroup main

 * @{

 */

/**

 * @file

 * @brief 	Main initialization kernel function for all processors.

 *

 * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent

 * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After

 * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().

 *

 * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while

 * the application processors start executing main_ap().

 *

 * @see scheduler()

 * @see main_bsp()

 * @see main_ap()

 */

#include <arch/asm.h>

#include <context.h>

#include <print.h>

#include <panic.h>

#include <debug.h>

#include <config.h>

#include <time/clock.h>

#include <time/timeout.h>

#include <proc/scheduler.h>

#include <proc/thread.h>

#include <proc/task.h>

#include <main/kinit.h>

#include <main/version.h>

#include <console/kconsole.h>

#include <cpu.h>

#include <align.h>

#include <interrupt.h>

#include <mm/frame.h>

#include <mm/page.h>

#include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>

#include <mm/tlb.h>

#include <mm/as.h>

#include <mm/slab.h>

#include <synch/waitq.h>

#include <synch/futex.h>

#include <arch/arch.h>

#include <arch.h>

#include <arch/faddr.h>

#include <ipc/ipc.h>

#include <macros.h>

#include <adt/btree.h>

#include <console/klog.h>

#include <smp/smp.h>

#include <ddi/ddi.h>

/** Global configuration structure. */

config_t config;

/** Initial user-space tasks */

init_t init = {

};

/** Boot allocations. */

ballocs_t ballocs = {

	.base = NULL,

	.size = 0

};

context_t ctx;

/*

 * These 'hardcoded' variables will be intialized by

 * the linker or the low level assembler code with

 * appropriate sizes and addresses.

 */

uintptr_t hardcoded_load_address = 0;	/**< Virtual address of where the kernel

					  *  is loaded. */

size_t hardcoded_ktext_size = 0;	/**< Size of the kernel code in bytes.

					  */

size_t hardcoded_kdata_size = 0;	/**< Size of the kernel data in bytes.

					 */

uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;		/**< Lowest safe stack virtual address.

					  */

void main_bsp(void);

void main_ap(void);

/*

 * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the

 * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved

 * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated

 * pop sequence otherwise.

 */

static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);

#endif

#define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE	((1 << STACK_FRAMES) * STACK_SIZE)

/** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.

 *

 * Initializes the kernel by bootstrap CPU.

 * This function passes control directly to

 * main_bsp_separated_stack().

 *

 * Assuming interrupts_disable().

 *

 */

void main_bsp(void)

{

	config.cpu_count = 1;

	config.cpu_active = 1;

	config.base = hardcoded_load_address;

	config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size +

	    hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);

	config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;

	/* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */

	config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;

	/* Avoid placing stack on top of init */

	count_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {

		if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,

		    init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))

			config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr +

			    init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);

	}

	/* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */

	if (ballocs.size) {

		if (PA_overlaps(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,

		    ballocs.base, ballocs.size))

			config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base +

			    ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);

	}

	if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)

		config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);

	context_save(&ctx);

	context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base,

	    THREAD_STACK_SIZE);

	context_restore(&ctx);

	/* not reached */

}

/** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.

 *

 * Second part of main_bsp().

 *

 */

void main_bsp_separated_stack(void) 

{

	task_t *k;

	thread_t *t;

	count_t i;

	the_initialize(THE);

	/*

	 * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early

	 * because other subsystems will register their respective

	 * commands.

	 */

	kconsole_init();

	/*

	 * Exception handler initialization, before architecture

	 * starts adding its own handlers

	 */

	exc_init();

	/*

	 * Memory management subsystems initialization.

	 */	

	arch_pre_mm_init();

	frame_init();		

	/* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work. */

	slab_cache_init();

	btree_init();

	as_init();

	page_init();

	tlb_init();

	ddi_init();

	arch_post_mm_init();

	version_print();

	printf("kernel: %.*p hardcoded_ktext_size=%zd KB, "

	    "hardcoded_kdata_size=%zd KB\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,

		config.base, SIZE2KB(hardcoded_ktext_size),

		SIZE2KB(hardcoded_kdata_size));

	printf("stack:  %.*p size=%zd KB\n", sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,

	    config.stack_base, SIZE2KB(config.stack_size));

	arch_pre_smp_init();

	smp_init();

	/* Slab must be initialized after we know the number of processors. */

	slab_enable_cpucache();

	printf("Detected %zu CPU(s), %llu MB free memory\n",

		config.cpu_count, SIZE2MB(zone_total_size()));

	cpu_init();

	calibrate_delay_loop();

	clock_counter_init();

	timeout_init();

	scheduler_init();

	task_init();

	thread_init();

	futex_init();

	klog_init();

	if (init.cnt > 0) {

		for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)

			printf("init[%zd].addr=%.*p, init[%zd].size=%zd\n", i,

			    sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, init.tasks[i].addr, i,

			    init.tasks[i].size);

	} else

		printf("No init binaries found\n");

	ipc_init();

	/*

	 * Create kernel task.

	 */

	k = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "kernel");

	if (!k)

		panic("can't create kernel task\n");

	/*

	 * Create the first thread.

	 */

	t = thread_create(kinit, NULL, k, 0, "kinit", true);

	if (!t)

		panic("can't create kinit thread\n");

	thread_ready(t);

	/*

	 * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,

	 * starting the thread of kernel threads.

	 */

	scheduler();

	/* not reached */

}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

/** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.

 *

 * Executed by application processors, temporary stack

 * is at ctx.sp which was set during BSP boot.

 * This function passes control directly to

 * main_ap_separated_stack().

 *

 * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.

 *

 */

void main_ap(void)

{

	/*

	 * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the

	 * *_init() functions can find out that they need to

	 * do initialization for AP only.

	 */

	config.cpu_active++;

	/*

	 * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.

	 */

	the_initialize(THE);

	arch_pre_mm_init();

	frame_init();

	page_init();

	tlb_init();

	arch_post_mm_init();

	cpu_init();

	calibrate_delay_loop();

	arch_post_cpu_init();

	the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);

	/*

	 * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could

	 * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we

	 * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.

	 */

	context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack),

	    (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);

	context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);

	/* not reached */

}

/** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.

 *

 * Second part of main_ap().

 *

 */

void main_ap_separated_stack(void)

{

	/*

	 * Configure timeouts for this cpu.

	 */

	timeout_init();

	waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);

	scheduler();

	/* not reached */

}

#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */

/** @}

 */