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1 jermar 1
/*
2
 * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
3
 * All rights reserved.
4
 *
5
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7
 * are met:
8
 *
9
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14
 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15
 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16
 *
17
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27
 */
28
 
1248 jermar 29
/**
30
 * @file    thread.c
31
 * @brief   Thread management functions.
32
 */
33
 
1 jermar 34
#include <proc/scheduler.h>
35
#include <proc/thread.h>
36
#include <proc/task.h>
1078 jermar 37
#include <proc/uarg.h>
1 jermar 38
#include <mm/frame.h>
39
#include <mm/page.h>
40
#include <arch/asm.h>
41
#include <arch.h>
42
#include <synch/synch.h>
43
#include <synch/spinlock.h>
44
#include <synch/waitq.h>
45
#include <synch/rwlock.h>
46
#include <cpu.h>
47
#include <func.h>
48
#include <context.h>
1158 jermar 49
#include <adt/btree.h>
788 jermar 50
#include <adt/list.h>
1 jermar 51
#include <typedefs.h>
52
#include <time/clock.h>
7 jermar 53
#include <config.h>
54
#include <arch/interrupt.h>
10 jermar 55
#include <smp/ipi.h>
76 jermar 56
#include <arch/faddr.h>
1104 jermar 57
#include <atomic.h>
195 vana 58
#include <memstr.h>
777 palkovsky 59
#include <print.h>
787 palkovsky 60
#include <mm/slab.h>
61
#include <debug.h>
1066 jermar 62
#include <main/uinit.h>
1288 jermar 63
#include <syscall/copy.h>
64
#include <errno.h>
7 jermar 65
 
1 jermar 66
 
1571 jermar 67
/** Thread states */
68
char *thread_states[] = {
69
    "Invalid",
70
    "Running",
71
    "Sleeping",
72
    "Ready",
73
    "Entering",
74
    "Exiting",
75
    "Undead"
76
};
77
 
1158 jermar 78
/** Lock protecting threads_head list. For locking rules, see declaration thereof. */
79
SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(threads_lock);
80
btree_t threads_btree;          /**< B+tree of all threads. */
1 jermar 81
 
623 jermar 82
SPINLOCK_INITIALIZE(tidlock);
1 jermar 83
__u32 last_tid = 0;
84
 
787 palkovsky 85
static slab_cache_t *thread_slab;
906 palkovsky 86
#ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
87
slab_cache_t *fpu_context_slab;
88
#endif
107 decky 89
 
90
/** Thread wrapper
91
 *
92
 * This wrapper is provided to ensure that every thread
1 jermar 93
 * makes a call to thread_exit() when its implementing
94
 * function returns.
95
 *
413 jermar 96
 * interrupts_disable() is assumed.
107 decky 97
 *
1 jermar 98
 */
452 decky 99
static void cushion(void)
1 jermar 100
{
15 jermar 101
    void (*f)(void *) = THREAD->thread_code;
102
    void *arg = THREAD->thread_arg;
1 jermar 103
 
213 jermar 104
    /* this is where each thread wakes up after its creation */
15 jermar 105
    spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
413 jermar 106
    interrupts_enable();
1 jermar 107
 
108
    f(arg);
109
    thread_exit();
110
    /* not reached */
111
}
112
 
787 palkovsky 113
/** Initialization and allocation for thread_t structure */
114
static int thr_constructor(void *obj, int kmflags)
115
{
116
    thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
814 palkovsky 117
    pfn_t pfn;
842 palkovsky 118
    int status;
107 decky 119
 
787 palkovsky 120
    spinlock_initialize(&t->lock, "thread_t_lock");
121
    link_initialize(&t->rq_link);
122
    link_initialize(&t->wq_link);
123
    link_initialize(&t->th_link);
124
 
906 palkovsky 125
#ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
126
#  ifdef CONFIG_FPU_LAZY
127
    t->saved_fpu_context = NULL;
128
#  else
129
    t->saved_fpu_context = slab_alloc(fpu_context_slab,kmflags);
130
    if (!t->saved_fpu_context)
131
        return -1;
132
#  endif
133
#endif  
134
 
935 vana 135
    pfn = frame_alloc_rc(STACK_FRAMES, FRAME_KA | kmflags,&status);
906 palkovsky 136
    if (status) {
137
#ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
138
        if (t->saved_fpu_context)
139
            slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
140
#endif
842 palkovsky 141
        return -1;
906 palkovsky 142
    }
814 palkovsky 143
    t->kstack = (__u8 *)PA2KA(PFN2ADDR(pfn));
787 palkovsky 144
 
145
    return 0;
146
}
147
 
148
/** Destruction of thread_t object */
149
static int thr_destructor(void *obj)
150
{
151
    thread_t *t = (thread_t *)obj;
152
 
814 palkovsky 153
    frame_free(ADDR2PFN(KA2PA(t->kstack)));
906 palkovsky 154
#ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
155
    if (t->saved_fpu_context)
156
        slab_free(fpu_context_slab,t->saved_fpu_context);
157
#endif
787 palkovsky 158
    return 1; /* One page freed */
159
}
160
 
107 decky 161
/** Initialize threads
162
 *
163
 * Initialize kernel threads support.
164
 *
165
 */
1 jermar 166
void thread_init(void)
167
{
15 jermar 168
    THREAD = NULL;
625 palkovsky 169
    atomic_set(&nrdy,0);
787 palkovsky 170
    thread_slab = slab_cache_create("thread_slab",
171
                    sizeof(thread_t),0,
172
                    thr_constructor, thr_destructor, 0);
906 palkovsky 173
#ifdef ARCH_HAS_FPU
174
    fpu_context_slab = slab_cache_create("fpu_slab",
175
                         sizeof(fpu_context_t),
176
                         FPU_CONTEXT_ALIGN,
177
                         NULL, NULL, 0);
178
#endif
1158 jermar 179
 
180
    btree_create(&threads_btree);
1 jermar 181
}
182
 
107 decky 183
/** Make thread ready
184
 *
185
 * Switch thread t to the ready state.
186
 *
187
 * @param t Thread to make ready.
188
 *
189
 */
1 jermar 190
void thread_ready(thread_t *t)
191
{
192
    cpu_t *cpu;
193
    runq_t *r;
413 jermar 194
    ipl_t ipl;
625 palkovsky 195
    int i, avg;
1 jermar 196
 
413 jermar 197
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
1 jermar 198
 
199
    spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
200
 
1086 palkovsky 201
    ASSERT(! (t->state == Ready));
202
 
413 jermar 203
    i = (t->priority < RQ_COUNT -1) ? ++t->priority : t->priority;
1 jermar 204
 
16 jermar 205
    cpu = CPU;
1 jermar 206
    if (t->flags & X_WIRED) {
207
        cpu = t->cpu;
208
    }
1083 palkovsky 209
    t->state = Ready;
1 jermar 210
    spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
211
 
107 decky 212
    /*
1 jermar 213
     * Append t to respective ready queue on respective processor.
214
     */
215
    r = &cpu->rq[i];
216
    spinlock_lock(&r->lock);
217
    list_append(&t->rq_link, &r->rq_head);
218
    r->n++;
219
    spinlock_unlock(&r->lock);
220
 
475 jermar 221
    atomic_inc(&nrdy);
625 palkovsky 222
    avg = atomic_get(&nrdy) / config.cpu_active;
783 palkovsky 223
    atomic_inc(&cpu->nrdy);
1 jermar 224
 
413 jermar 225
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
1 jermar 226
}
227
 
787 palkovsky 228
/** Destroy thread memory structure
229
 *
230
 * Detach thread from all queues, cpus etc. and destroy it.
231
 *
232
 * Assume thread->lock is held!!
233
 */
234
void thread_destroy(thread_t *t)
235
{
1579 jermar 236
    bool destroy_task = false; 
237
 
1581 jermar 238
    ASSERT(t->state == Exiting || t->state == Undead);
787 palkovsky 239
    ASSERT(t->task);
240
    ASSERT(t->cpu);
241
 
242
    spinlock_lock(&t->cpu->lock);
243
    if(t->cpu->fpu_owner==t)
244
        t->cpu->fpu_owner=NULL;
245
    spinlock_unlock(&t->cpu->lock);
246
 
1579 jermar 247
    spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
248
 
249
    spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
250
    btree_remove(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address ) t), NULL);
251
    spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
252
 
787 palkovsky 253
    /*
254
     * Detach from the containing task.
255
     */
256
    spinlock_lock(&t->task->lock);
257
    list_remove(&t->th_link);
1579 jermar 258
    if (--t->task->refcount == 0) {
259
        t->task->accept_new_threads = false;
260
        destroy_task = true;
261
    }
262
    spinlock_unlock(&t->task->lock);   
787 palkovsky 263
 
1579 jermar 264
    if (destroy_task)
265
        task_destroy(t->task);
787 palkovsky 266
 
267
    slab_free(thread_slab, t);
268
}
269
 
107 decky 270
/** Create new thread
271
 *
272
 * Create a new thread.
273
 *
274
 * @param func  Thread's implementing function.
275
 * @param arg   Thread's implementing function argument.
276
 * @param task  Task to which the thread belongs.
277
 * @param flags Thread flags.
1062 jermar 278
 * @param name  Symbolic name.
107 decky 279
 *
280
 * @return New thread's structure on success, NULL on failure.
281
 *
282
 */
1062 jermar 283
thread_t *thread_create(void (* func)(void *), void *arg, task_t *task, int flags, char *name)
1 jermar 284
{
285
    thread_t *t;
822 palkovsky 286
    ipl_t ipl;
287
 
787 palkovsky 288
    t = (thread_t *) slab_alloc(thread_slab, 0);
842 palkovsky 289
    if (!t)
290
        return NULL;
1171 jermar 291
 
292
    thread_create_arch(t);
1 jermar 293
 
822 palkovsky 294
    /* Not needed, but good for debugging */
1138 jermar 295
    memsetb((__address)t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE * 1<<STACK_FRAMES, 0);
822 palkovsky 296
 
297
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
298
    spinlock_lock(&tidlock);
299
    t->tid = ++last_tid;
300
    spinlock_unlock(&tidlock);
301
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
302
 
303
    context_save(&t->saved_context);
304
    context_set(&t->saved_context, FADDR(cushion), (__address) t->kstack, THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
305
 
306
    the_initialize((the_t *) t->kstack);
307
 
308
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
309
    t->saved_context.ipl = interrupts_read();
310
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
311
 
1066 jermar 312
    memcpy(t->name, name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
313
 
822 palkovsky 314
    t->thread_code = func;
315
    t->thread_arg = arg;
316
    t->ticks = -1;
317
    t->priority = -1;       /* start in rq[0] */
318
    t->cpu = NULL;
319
    t->flags = 0;
320
    t->state = Entering;
321
    t->call_me = NULL;
322
    t->call_me_with = NULL;
323
 
324
    timeout_initialize(&t->sleep_timeout);
1502 jermar 325
    t->sleep_interruptible = false;
822 palkovsky 326
    t->sleep_queue = NULL;
327
    t->timeout_pending = 0;
1288 jermar 328
 
329
    t->in_copy_from_uspace = false;
330
    t->in_copy_to_uspace = false;
1579 jermar 331
 
332
    t->interrupted = false;
1571 jermar 333
    t->detached = false;
334
    waitq_initialize(&t->join_wq);
335
 
822 palkovsky 336
    t->rwlock_holder_type = RWLOCK_NONE;
210 decky 337
 
822 palkovsky 338
    t->task = task;
339
 
860 decky 340
    t->fpu_context_exists = 0;
341
    t->fpu_context_engaged = 0;
822 palkovsky 342
 
343
    /*
1579 jermar 344
     * Attach to the containing task.
345
     */
346
    spinlock_lock(&task->lock);
347
    if (!task->accept_new_threads) {
348
        spinlock_unlock(&task->lock);
349
        slab_free(thread_slab, t);
350
        return NULL;
351
    }
352
    list_append(&t->th_link, &task->th_head);
353
    task->refcount++;
354
    spinlock_unlock(&task->lock);
355
 
356
    /*
822 palkovsky 357
     * Register this thread in the system-wide list.
358
     */
359
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
360
    spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
1177 jermar 361
    btree_insert(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address) t), (void *) t, NULL);
822 palkovsky 362
    spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
363
 
364
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
860 decky 365
 
1 jermar 366
    return t;
367
}
368
 
107 decky 369
/** Make thread exiting
370
 *
371
 * End current thread execution and switch it to the exiting
372
 * state. All pending timeouts are executed.
373
 *
374
 */
1 jermar 375
void thread_exit(void)
376
{
413 jermar 377
    ipl_t ipl;
1 jermar 378
 
379
restart:
413 jermar 380
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
15 jermar 381
    spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
382
    if (THREAD->timeout_pending) { /* busy waiting for timeouts in progress */
383
        spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
413 jermar 384
        interrupts_restore(ipl);
1 jermar 385
        goto restart;
386
    }
15 jermar 387
    THREAD->state = Exiting;
388
    spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
1 jermar 389
    scheduler();
390
}
391
 
107 decky 392
 
393
/** Thread sleep
394
 *
395
 * Suspend execution of the current thread.
396
 *
397
 * @param sec Number of seconds to sleep.
398
 *
399
 */
1 jermar 400
void thread_sleep(__u32 sec)
401
{
125 jermar 402
    thread_usleep(sec*1000000);
1 jermar 403
}
107 decky 404
 
1571 jermar 405
/** Wait for another thread to exit.
406
 *
407
 * @param t Thread to join on exit.
408
 * @param usec Timeout in microseconds.
409
 * @param flags Mode of operation.
410
 *
411
 * @return An error code from errno.h or an error code from synch.h.
412
 */
413
int thread_join_timeout(thread_t *t, __u32 usec, int flags)
414
{
415
    ipl_t ipl;
416
    int rc;
417
 
418
    if (t == THREAD)
419
        return EINVAL;
420
 
421
    /*
422
     * Since thread join can only be called once on an undetached thread,
423
     * the thread pointer is guaranteed to be still valid.
424
     */
425
 
426
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
427
    spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
428
 
429
    ASSERT(!t->detached);
430
 
431
    (void) waitq_sleep_prepare(&t->join_wq);
432
    spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
433
 
434
    rc = waitq_sleep_timeout_unsafe(&t->join_wq, usec, flags);
435
 
436
    waitq_sleep_finish(&t->join_wq, rc, ipl);
437
 
438
    return rc; 
439
}
440
 
441
/** Detach thread.
442
 *
443
 * Mark the thread as detached, if the thread is already in the Undead state,
444
 * deallocate its resources.
445
 *
446
 * @param t Thread to be detached.
447
 */
448
void thread_detach(thread_t *t)
449
{
450
    ipl_t ipl;
451
 
452
    /*
453
     * Since the thread is expected to not be already detached,
454
     * pointer to it must be still valid.
455
     */
456
 
457
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
458
    spinlock_lock(&t->lock);
459
    ASSERT(!t->detached);
460
    if (t->state == Undead) {
461
        thread_destroy(t);  /* unlocks &t->lock */
462
        interrupts_restore(ipl);
463
        return;
464
    } else {
465
        t->detached = true;
466
    }
467
    spinlock_unlock(&t->lock);
468
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
469
}
470
 
107 decky 471
/** Thread usleep
472
 *
473
 * Suspend execution of the current thread.
474
 *
475
 * @param usec Number of microseconds to sleep.
476
 *
477
 */
1 jermar 478
void thread_usleep(__u32 usec)
479
{
480
    waitq_t wq;
481
 
482
    waitq_initialize(&wq);
483
 
1502 jermar 484
    (void) waitq_sleep_timeout(&wq, usec, SYNCH_FLAGS_NON_BLOCKING);
1 jermar 485
}
486
 
107 decky 487
/** Register thread out-of-context invocation
488
 *
489
 * Register a function and its argument to be executed
490
 * on next context switch to the current thread.
491
 *
492
 * @param call_me      Out-of-context function.
493
 * @param call_me_with Out-of-context function argument.
494
 *
495
 */
1 jermar 496
void thread_register_call_me(void (* call_me)(void *), void *call_me_with)
497
{
413 jermar 498
    ipl_t ipl;
1 jermar 499
 
413 jermar 500
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
15 jermar 501
    spinlock_lock(&THREAD->lock);
502
    THREAD->call_me = call_me;
503
    THREAD->call_me_with = call_me_with;
504
    spinlock_unlock(&THREAD->lock);
413 jermar 505
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
1 jermar 506
}
777 palkovsky 507
 
508
/** Print list of threads debug info */
509
void thread_print_list(void)
510
{
511
    link_t *cur;
512
    ipl_t ipl;
513
 
514
    /* Messing with thread structures, avoid deadlock */
515
    ipl = interrupts_disable();
516
    spinlock_lock(&threads_lock);
517
 
1158 jermar 518
    for (cur = threads_btree.leaf_head.next; cur != &threads_btree.leaf_head; cur = cur->next) {
519
        btree_node_t *node;
520
        int i;
521
 
522
        node = list_get_instance(cur, btree_node_t, leaf_link);
523
        for (i = 0; i < node->keys; i++) {
524
            thread_t *t;
525
 
526
            t = (thread_t *) node->value[i];
1196 cejka 527
            printf("%s: address=%#zX, tid=%zd, state=%s, task=%#zX, code=%#zX, stack=%#zX, cpu=",
1158 jermar 528
                t->name, t, t->tid, thread_states[t->state], t->task, t->thread_code, t->kstack);
529
            if (t->cpu)
1458 palkovsky 530
                printf("cpu%zd", t->cpu->id);
1158 jermar 531
            else
532
                printf("none");
1458 palkovsky 533
            if (t->state == Sleeping) {
534
                printf(", kst=%#zX", t->kstack);
535
                printf(", wq=%#zX", t->sleep_queue);
536
            }
1158 jermar 537
            printf("\n");
538
        }
777 palkovsky 539
    }
540
 
541
    spinlock_unlock(&threads_lock);
1060 palkovsky 542
    interrupts_restore(ipl);
777 palkovsky 543
}
1066 jermar 544
 
1158 jermar 545
/** Check whether thread exists.
546
 *
547
 * Note that threads_lock must be already held and
548
 * interrupts must be already disabled.
549
 *
550
 * @param t Pointer to thread.
551
 *
552
 * @return True if thread t is known to the system, false otherwise.
553
 */
554
bool thread_exists(thread_t *t)
555
{
556
    btree_node_t *leaf;
557
 
1177 jermar 558
    return btree_search(&threads_btree, (btree_key_t) ((__address) t), &leaf) != NULL;
1158 jermar 559
}
560
 
1066 jermar 561
/** Process syscall to create new thread.
562
 *
563
 */
1078 jermar 564
__native sys_thread_create(uspace_arg_t *uspace_uarg, char *uspace_name)
1066 jermar 565
{
1210 vana 566
    thread_t *t;
567
    char namebuf[THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN];
1103 jermar 568
    uspace_arg_t *kernel_uarg;
1066 jermar 569
    __u32 tid;
1288 jermar 570
    int rc;
1066 jermar 571
 
1288 jermar 572
    rc = copy_from_uspace(namebuf, uspace_name, THREAD_NAME_BUFLEN);
573
    if (rc != 0)
574
        return (__native) rc;
1066 jermar 575
 
1078 jermar 576
    kernel_uarg = (uspace_arg_t *) malloc(sizeof(uspace_arg_t), 0);
1288 jermar 577
    rc = copy_from_uspace(kernel_uarg, uspace_uarg, sizeof(uspace_arg_t));
578
    if (rc != 0) {
579
        free(kernel_uarg);
580
        return (__native) rc;
581
    }
1078 jermar 582
 
1210 vana 583
    if ((t = thread_create(uinit, kernel_uarg, TASK, 0, namebuf))) {
1066 jermar 584
        tid = t->tid;
1210 vana 585
        thread_ready(t);
1066 jermar 586
        return (__native) tid;
1210 vana 587
    } else {
1078 jermar 588
        free(kernel_uarg);
1210 vana 589
    }
1066 jermar 590
 
1288 jermar 591
    return (__native) ENOMEM;
1066 jermar 592
}
593
 
594
/** Process syscall to terminate thread.
595
 *
596
 */
1078 jermar 597
__native sys_thread_exit(int uspace_status)
1066 jermar 598
{
1210 vana 599
    thread_exit();
600
    /* Unreachable */
601
    return 0;
1066 jermar 602
}